Dual Sleeve Sampling Device for Ion Mobility Spectrometry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ion migration spectrometers face challenges in simultaneously performing solid and gas sampling efficiently, with existing designs either requiring separate external concentrators or being limited to only one type of sampling due to the need for specific temperature conditions for the absorbing elements.
Innovation Solution
A novel sampling device for ion migration spectrometers is designed with a dual sleeve structure and an enrichment carrier, allowing for both solid and gas sampling using the same device, integrating functions and eliminating the need for additional gas collection and concentration devices, with a semipermeable membrane and pulse heating for effective preconcentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If gas sampling is performed using external portable vacuum suction devices with sampling carriers, then the detection capability for low-vapor-pressure substances is improved through preconcentration, but the device complexity and operational complexity increase due to requiring separate external concentrators and multiple sampling steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the gas sampling function and preconcentration function into a single integrated sampling device. The sampling device includes a sampling pump, a sampling carrier with adsorbing material, and a thermal desorption system all combined in one unit, eliminating the need for separate external concentrators and reducing operational steps.
Solution Approach 2:
The sampling device is designed to perform multiple functions: gas sampling, preconcentration on the sampling carrier, thermal desorption, and introduction to the ion migration spectrometer. This multi-functional design allows the same device to handle both solid particle sampling and gas sampling with preconcentration, improving versatility while reducing overall system complexity.
2Measurement precision
If solid sampling is performed by wiping surfaces with sampling carriers, then solid particles are collected effectively, but the operator must wear gloves or use customized samplers to avoid polluting the sampling carrier and instrument, increasing operational complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The sampling device is designed to perform multiple functions: gas sampling, preconcentration on the sampling carrier, thermal desorption, and introduction to the ion migration spectrometer. This multi-functional design allows the same device to handle both solid particle sampling and gas sampling with preconcentration, improving versatility while reducing overall system complexity.
3Device complexity
If the sampling device integrates both solid sampling and gas sampling with preconcentration functions, then the device complexity is reduced and operations are simplified, but the design becomes more complex due to requiring dual sleeve structure and selective channel switching
Solution Approach 1:
The sampling device is segmented into distinct functional modules: an inner sleeve containing the sampling carrier and adsorbing material, an outer sleeve providing structural support and containing the heating element, and a channel system with selective openings. This segmentation allows each module to be designed and manufactured independently, then assembled together, reducing overall design complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The device employs a dynamic channel switching mechanism where openings in the inner and outer sleeves can be selectively positioned to connect different channels. This allows the same physical structure to serve multiple functions (solid sampling, gas sampling with preconcentration) by changing the configuration of connected channels, rather than requiring completely separate fixed structures for each function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design simplifies operations, enhances sensitivity and detection efficiency for both trace amounts of solids and low-concentration gases, avoiding sample loss and improving overall instrument configuration and performance.
Implementation Method 1
after a certain period of time, the gas absorbed is resolved in a short time by heating the adsorbing material
Implementation Method 2
a heating element... for heating to form a gaseous sample the solid sample to be detected
Implementation Method 3
a semipermeable membrane, which is configured between the inlet of the migration pipe and the inner-layer channel, for selectively permeating of a gaseous material to be detected
Implementation Method 4
an enrichment carrier... for preconcentrating the material to be detected that enters the inner-layer channel
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a sampling device for an ion migration spectrometer (IMS), comprising: an inner sleeve part, inside of which an inner cavity is defined, one end of the inner sleeve part is connected with an inlet of an migration pipe via an inner-layer channel, and the other end of the inner sleeve part is configured with an inner end cap having an inner opening; and an outer sleeve part, which is configured as an eccentric sleeve that is coaxial with the inner sleeve part and able to rotate with respect to the inner sleeve part, so as to form a sleeve cavity between the inner sleeve part and the outer sleeve part, wherein one end of the outer sleeve part is configured with at least one connecting opening that is selectively connected with the inner-layer channel, and the other end of the outer sleeve part is configured with an outer end cap, on which a first outer opening selectively connected with the inner opening and a second outer opening selectively connected with the sleeve cavity are configured, wherein the outer end cap is configured to be able to rotate between a first location and a second location with respect to the inner end cap, so as to selectively introduce a sample to be detected into the inner-layer channel via one of the inner cavity and the sleeve cavity. Moreover, the present invention further relates to a method for solid and gas sampling by using the above sampling device.