Dual-Solenoid Actuator for Bidirectional Torque Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current power transmission systems with one-way clutches lack efficient and low-loss actuation mechanisms for bidirectional torque transmission, particularly in multi-speed automatic shifting transmissions, which limits their performance and reliability.
Innovation Solution
A dual-solenoid electro-mechanical actuator system with spring-biased pawls and solenoids that allow independent control of forward and reverse rotation, enabling selective engagement and disengagement with the rotor teeth for bidirectional torque transmission, minimizing energy loss and packaging requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a one-way clutch is used for bidirectional torque transmission, then the transmission can operate in one direction with torque transmission, but it cannot efficiently control torque transmission in the opposite direction
Solution Approach 1:
The one-way clutch is segmented into two independent pawls (first pawl for forward rotation, second pawl for reverse rotation), each controlled by its own solenoid. This segmentation allows independent control of each direction's torque transmission, enabling reliable bidirectional operation while maintaining the simplicity of one-way clutch mechanics in each direction.
2Adaptability or versatility
If an actuator mechanism is added to enable bidirectional control of the one-way clutch, then selectable one-way clutch operation is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The actuator mechanism extracts only the essential control function needed for bidirectional operation - two simple solenoids that directly move the pawls. By removing unnecessary mechanical linkages and intermediate components, the solution achieves bidirectional control with minimal added complexity, using direct-acting solenoids that connect straight to the pawl engagement mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
Traditional mechanical actuation mechanisms are replaced with electromagnetic solenoids, which provide more precise and reliable control with fewer moving parts. The solenoids directly actuate the pawls electrically, eliminating complex mechanical linkages, cam mechanisms, or spring-loaded actuators that would increase device complexity.
3Ease of operation
If traditional actuation mechanisms are used for the one-way clutch, then basic control is achieved, but energy loss and packaging space increase
Solution Approach 1:
The solenoids operate in periodic cycles - energized only when direction change is needed to engage or disengage the pawls, and de-energized during steady-state operation. This periodic actuation minimizes electrical energy consumption compared to continuously powered actuation mechanisms, achieving control functionality with ultra-low electrical load during normal operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves ultra-low-loss transmission by ensuring zero electrical load when not applied, high torque capability with low electrical load, and fast response times, while maintaining reliability through direct-acting actuation and internal packaging, effectively doubling available force for improved multi-state control.
Implementation Method 1
A first solenoid includes an electrically activated solenoid and an armature movable from a first position for holding the first pawl out of engagement with the rotary component to a second position for allowing the first pawl to be engaged with the rotary component
Data Source
AI summary
An actuator is provided for preventing rotation of a rotary component and includes a first pawl pivotable about a first pivot axis and engageable with the rotary component for preventing rotation of the rotary component in a first rotary direction. A second pawl is pivotable about a second pivot axis and engageable with the rotary component for preventing rotation of the rotary component in a second rotary direction opposite the first rotary direction. The pawls are each biased toward an engaged position with the rotary component by a pawl spring. A first and a second solenoid each include an electrically activated solenoid and an armature movable from a first position for holding the pawls out of engagement with the rotary component to a second position for allowing the pawls to be engaged with the rotary component.