Dual-Stage Calibration Circuit for Precise Resistor Code Setting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current calibration circuits in storage devices face challenges in accurately setting resistor values for optimal voltage levels, leading to inefficiencies in data storage and retrieval operations.
Innovation Solution
A calibration circuit and method that perform two calibration operations using first and second resistor values to generate resistor codes, allowing for precise setting of internal resistor values and improving calibration performance by adjusting pull-up and pull-down resistors based on target voltages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a single calibration operation is performed using one resistor value, then the calibration process is simple and fast, but the accuracy of voltage level setting is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The calibration process is divided into two separate calibration operations: a first calibration operation using a first resistor value to establish initial voltage levels, and a second calibration operation using a second resistor value to refine and adjust those voltage levels. This segmentation allows each calibration stage to focus on specific aspects of voltage level setting, improving overall accuracy while maintaining manageable complexity through structured progression
Solution Approach 2:
The first calibration operation using the first resistor value is performed as a preliminary step to establish baseline voltage levels before the second calibration operation. This preliminary action creates a foundation that the subsequent calibration can build upon, ensuring that both calibration stages contribute meaningfully to the final voltage level accuracy
2Productivity
If resistor values are set without precise calibration, then the circuit operation is fast, but data storage and retrieval efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The dual calibration operations are performed during manufacturing or initialization as preliminary actions, establishing precise resistor values and voltage levels before the storage device enters normal operation. This preliminary calibration ensures optimal data storage and retrieval efficiency is achieved from the start, eliminating the need for repeated calibration during operation
Solution Approach 2:
The calibration circuit uses feedback mechanisms where the first calibration operation measures voltage levels and adjusts resistor values, then the second calibration operation uses those adjusted values to further refine the voltage levels. This iterative feedback process ensures that the final resistor values are optimized for data storage and retrieval efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a calibration circuit and operating method of the calibration circuit. A calibration circuit includes a first resistor code output circuit and a second resistor code output circuit. The first resistor code output circuit is coupled to an external resistor through an input/output pad, performs a first calibration operation, based on a first resistor value, such that a target voltage applied to a first reference node coupled to the input/output pad has a set voltage level, and outputs a first resistor code as a result obtained by performing the first calibration operation. The second resistor code output circuit receives the target voltage, sets an internal resistor value, based on the first resistor code, performs a second calibration operation, based on a second resistor value different from the first resistor value, and outputs a second resistor code as a result obtained by performing the second calibration operation. The first resistor value is a resistor value of the first resistor.