Dual-Stage Power Conversion for 48-V Battery Supply Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional information processing apparatuses face issues with heat generation and power supply delays when implementing 48-V power supply, particularly due to concentrated power flow and difficulty in connecting multiple conversion circuits to batteries.
Innovation Solution
The apparatus includes a first conversion circuit unit to step down high voltage to a first voltage, a second conversion circuit unit to convert to a second voltage, and a power supply control unit to switch between power supply lines based on voltage thresholds, utilizing an embedded controller and ideal diode circuits to distribute power efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If 48-V power supply is implemented by one conversion circuit for battery charging, then power supply capability is improved, but heat generation increases due to concentrated power flow
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is segmented into multiple conversion circuits (first conversion circuit and second conversion circuit) that share the power conversion task. The first conversion circuit converts 48V to an intermediate voltage, while the second conversion circuit converts the intermediate voltage to the battery charging voltage. This segmentation distributes the power flow concentration across multiple circuits, reducing heat generation in each individual circuit while maintaining overall power supply capability.
2Temperature
If power supply is distributed among two or more conversion circuits, then heat generation is reduced, but direct connection to battery becomes difficult causing power supply delay
Solution Approach 1:
The first conversion circuit performs preliminary voltage conversion from 48V to an intermediate voltage that can be directly used by the battery charging circuit. This preliminary action prepares the power in advance, allowing the second conversion circuit to quickly switch to battery discharge mode without delay when power shortage occurs, as the intermediate voltage is already available and properly conditioned.
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediate voltage line is introduced as a mediator between the high-voltage input and the battery charging circuit. This intermediate voltage serves as a buffer that allows both conversion circuits to operate efficiently while maintaining the capability for rapid battery discharge, thus resolving the conflict between heat reduction and power supply speed.
3Stability of the object's composition
If switching between charging mode and discharging mode is delayed during power shortage, then system stability is maintained, but power supply response time worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply system is designed with dynamic switching capability between charging mode and discharging mode through the embedded controller. The system can adaptively switch between modes based on real-time power conditions, allowing rapid response to power shortages while maintaining system stability through controlled transitions. The multiple conversion circuits enable flexible mode switching without excessive delay.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces heat generation and eliminates power supply delays by efficiently distributing power between multiple routes, ensuring quick battery power replenishment during shortages.
Implementation Method 1
a first conversion circuit unit which steps down a power supply voltage supplied from outside through a power supply connector to a first voltage when the power supply voltage exceeds a first threshold voltage
Implementation Method 2
a second conversion circuit unit which converts the first voltage output to the first power supply line into a second voltage, and outputs the second voltage to a second power supply line
Data Source
AI summary
An information processing apparatus includes: a first conversion circuit unit which steps down a power supply voltage supplied from outside through a power supply connector to a first voltage when the power supply voltage exceeds a first threshold voltage, and outputs the first voltage to a first power supply line, or outputs the power supply voltage directly to the first power supply line via a bypass line when the power supply voltage is equal to or less than the first threshold voltage; a second conversion circuit unit which converts the first voltage output to the first power supply line into a second voltage, and outputs the second voltage to a second power supply line, which supplies power to a main control unit and an image processing unit and to which a battery is connected; a switching unit; and a power supply control unit.