Dual-Standard Solution Analysis for NMR and XRF Quantification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing analytical methods require large sample quantities and multiple procedures to quantitatively determine both light and heavy elements in materials, posing challenges for quality control and optimization in processes like perovskite solar cell production.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a single sampling procedure using a dual standard reference solution for both 1H-NMR spectroscopy and XRF analysis, allowing simultaneous determination of light and heavy elements without weighing the sample, by dissolving the sample in a deuterated solvent with specific standards for each technique.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate analytical procedures are used for light and heavy elements, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and sampling time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines two separate analytical procedures (NMR for light elements and XRF for heavy elements) into a single integrated method. A dual-standard reference solution containing both NMR-active substances and XRF standards is prepared once, and the same solution is used for both types of analysis, eliminating the need for separate sample preparations and procedures while maintaining measurement precision for both light and heavy elements
Solution Approach 2:
The reference solution serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as both the NMR calibration standard and the XRF calibration standard. The solution contains compounds that provide reference signals for both NMR spectroscopy (for light elements like H, C, N, O) and XRF analysis (for heavy elements), making the same solution universally applicable for determining both light and heavy element compositions
2Measurement precision
If large sample quantities are used, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of substance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the sample preparation steps for NMR and XRF into a single dissolution step. The sample is dissolved once in a deuterated solvent to create a single solution that is then used for both NMR and XRF analysis, minimizing the total sample material required while ensuring sufficient quantity for both measurement techniques
Solution Approach 2:
The reference solution is prepared in advance with precisely known concentrations of both NMR standards and XRF standards. This preliminary preparation allows for accurate quantitative analysis with minimal sample material, as the calibration is already established before the actual measurement, reducing the need for excessive sample quantities
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise quantitative analysis of both light and heavy elements with minimal sample material, simplifying the process and reducing the need for multiple sampling steps, while maintaining accuracy and applicability to complex materials like perovskite solar cells.
Implementation Method 1
dissolving the sample in a deuterated solvent with specific standards for each technique
Implementation Method 2
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR spectroscopy), with 1H-NMR spectroscopy being particularly noteworthy, as it allows access to hydrogen nuclei
Implementation Method 3
X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), also called X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for the quantitative determination of the components of a solution. The method comprises at least the following steps: - providing a sample, - providing a reference solution comprising at least a first standard in the form of a 1H-NMR active substance and a second standard in the form of a metal salt of a metal with an atomic number ≥ 10, wherein the solvent is, in particular, a deuterated liquid, - dissolving the entire sample in the reference solution to obtain an analytical solution, - analyzing the analytical solution by means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, - applying a defined volume of the analytical solution to a support and allowing the analytical solution to dry, and subsequently - analyzing the dried analytical solution by means of XRF spectroscopy, - evaluating the data obtained in the analyses. The method according to the invention is advantageously simple and requires only one sampling procedure.Weighing the sample taken is not necessary to determine its composition.