Dual-Wavelength Fire Detection Reducing False Alarms
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fire detection technologies often mistake non-fire situations like dust, water vapor, and smoke from daily activities for actual fires, leading to false alarms, unnecessary evacuations, and property damage.
Innovation Solution
A dual-wavelength optical system that collects and processes data to accurately differentiate between fire and non-fire conditions by calculating average values and ratios of light wavelengths, extracting fire features in real-time to classify occurrences and determine the fire source.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If smoke concentration is measured using conventional single-wavelength detection, then fire detection speed is improved, but false alarm rate increases due to mistaking non-fire particles (dust, water vapor, cigarette smoke) for fire smoke
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from single-wavelength detection to dual-wavelength detection, adding a new dimension (wavelength) to the detection process. By measuring optical data at two different wavelengths (first wavelength and second wavelength) and calculating the ratio between them, the system can distinguish fire smoke from non-fire particles based on their different optical absorption characteristics at various wavelengths, thereby reducing false alarms while maintaining fast detection speed
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from single concentration measurement to dual-wavelength ratio measurement. By calculating the ratio of optical data at two different wavelengths and monitoring the change in slope of this ratio, the system can identify fire events more accurately. This parameter transformation allows the system to differentiate between fire smoke and non-fire particles that have different spectral signatures
2Measurement precision
If dual-wavelength optical data collection and real-time signal processing are implemented, then detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the detection system into distinct functional modules: an optical data collection unit that gathers data at two wavelengths, a fire detection unit that processes the optical data and calculates wavelength ratios to detect fires, and a fire feature extraction unit that extracts characteristics from detected fire events. This segmentation allows each module to perform a specific function, simplifying the overall system architecture while achieving high detection precision through coordinated operation of multiple specialized components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces false alarms by accurately distinguishing between fire and non-fire situations, enabling precise identification of fire sources and types, and predicting combustion materials, thereby minimizing unnecessary evacuations and property damage.
Implementation Method 1
optical data is collected from an optical sensor of a dual wavelength, a fire is detected from the collected optical data
Implementation Method 2
the concentration of smoke generated during a fire is measured to determine whether a fire occurs
Data Source
AI summary
Optical data is collected from an optical sensor of a dual wavelength, and in order to detect the fire from the collected optical data, an average value of a first wavelength, an average value of a second wavelength, and a ratio of the average values of the two wavelengths are calculated, and an amount of change of a slope of the ratio is used to detect the fire and determine the fire occurrence time. From the determined fire occurrence time, fire features are extracted from the optical data in real time according to defined rules to configure a data set. The data set may be used for learning and inference techniques to identify a fire or non-fire, a fire source, a combustion material, and the like.