Dual-Zone Gas Turbine Combustor for Ammonia Flame Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
In combustion systems using ammonia and a second fuel without nitrogen atoms, such as natural gas, the higher flame temperature of the second fuel can cause damage to devices due to excessive temperatures when the co-firing ratio of ammonia is low.
Innovation Solution
A combustion system with a first and second combustion region, utilizing separate burners for ammonia and second fuel injection, and a control device to adjust the flow rate ratio of the second fuel based on temperature, co-firing ratio, engine load, or total calorific value to maintain optimal flame temperature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the co-firing ratio of ammonia is low and second fuel (natural gas) is used, then the flame temperature increases, but device damage occurs due to excessive temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The combustor is divided into a first combustion region and a second combustion region, with separate burners for each region. The first burner handles ammonia and second fuel injection, while the second burner handles only second fuel injection. This segmentation allows independent control of fuel injection in each region, enabling temperature management to prevent device damage while maintaining combustion efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The control device dynamically adjusts the second fuel flow rate ratio (the ratio of second fuel flow rate from the first injection portion to total second fuel flow rate) based on the temperature of the first combustion region. When temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold, the control device modifies the flow rate ratio to reduce temperature and prevent device damage, thereby changing the operational parameters in response to temperature conditions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If separate burners and control systems are added to manage flame temperature, then device damage is suppressed, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The first burner serves multiple functions: it injects both ammonia and second fuel, and the control device adjusts the second fuel flow rate ratio to simultaneously control combustion efficiency and temperature. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional dedicated temperature control devices, thereby limiting the increase in system complexity while still achieving damage suppression.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively suppresses device damage by maintaining flame temperature within safe limits, ensuring stable combustion and preventing excessive temperature fluctuations.
Implementation Method 1
a combustor including a first combustion region and a second combustion region continuous with the first combustion region on a downstream side of the first combustion region
Implementation Method 2
The control device may adjust the second fuel flow rate ratio on the basis of the temperature of the first combustion region
Data Source
AI summary
A combustion system includes: a combustor including a first combustion region and a second combustion region continuous with the first combustion region on a downstream side thereof; a first burner including an injection portion of ammonia as first fuel, the injection portion facing the first combustion region, and a first injection portion of second fuel not containing nitrogen atoms, the first injection portion facing the first combustion region; a second burner including a second injection portion of the second fuel, the second injection portion facing the second combustion region; and a control device that adjusts a second fuel flow rate ratio between a flow rate of the second fuel injected from the first injection portion and a flow rate of the second fuel injected from the second injection portion.