Duct Separating Element Geometry for Filler-Free Annular Gaps

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing braze-welding processes in heat exchangers can fill the annular gap between separating elements with molten filler material, compromising leak detection and performance.

Innovation Solution

The opening angle α between the plates of the separating element is set to θ + α ≥ 90°, creating a convex fillet shape that increases capillary pressure, preventing the annular gap from being filled with molten filler material during braze-welding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If braze-welding is performed to join the separating element to the duct, then the connection strength is improved, but the annular gap becomes filled with molten filler material, compromising leak detection functionality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection strengthVSAvoidleak detection functionality
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the separating element, specifically the opening angle α of the plates, to control the capillary pressure in the corner fillet. By setting θ + α ≥ 90°, the capillary pressure becomes positive, preventing molten filler material from entering the annular gap while allowing braze-welding to proceed for strong connection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention converts the potentially harmful effect of capillary action (which could draw molten filler into the gap) into a beneficial effect by designing the geometry to create positive capillary pressure. This positive pressure actively repels the molten material from the annular gap, protecting the leak detection function while maintaining the benefits of braze-welding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Reliability

If the opening angle α is increased to prevent filler material from filling the annular gap, then the capillary pressure increases and prevents clogging, but the structural configuration becomes more complex

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegap freedom from filler materialVSAvoidseparating element geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention modifies a single geometric parameter (the opening angle α) of the existing separating element structure. This parameter change achieves the desired effect of preventing filler material intrusion through capillary pressure control without requiring fundamental redesign or additional components, thus minimizing structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This geometry ensures the annular gap remains free from filler material, maintaining leak detection functionality and enhancing the heat exchanger's performance by preventing clogging.

Implementation Method 1

The corner fillet between the plates has a capillary pressure corresponding to its shape. Increasing the angle α results in an increase in the capillary pressure of the fillet.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary pressure: Capillary Pressure

Implementation Method 2

where θ is the wetting angle between the molten braze-welding filler material and the base material of the separating element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWetting: Wetting

Data Source

PatentEP4614096A1Duct or vessel comprising a separating element
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 DENSO THERMAL SYST SPA
  • EP4614096A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4614096A1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4614096A1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A duct or vessel comprising a separating element (30) which includes a pair of plates (31, 32), each of which comprises a central portion (31a, 32a) and a peripheral edge (31b, 32b) raised with respect to the central portion (31a, 32a), the plates (31, 32) being joined to each other at their respective central portions (31a, 32a) so as to define an annular gap (G) around the central portions (31a, 32a), interposed between the peripheral edges (31b, 32b) of the plates (31, 32). Each of the plates (31, 32) has a profile in radial cross-section comprising an inflection point (P1, P2) between the central portion (31a, 32a) and the peripheral edge (31b, 32b), wherein the tangent to the plate (31, 32) at the inflection point (P1, P2) defines an opening angle α with respect to an interface plane (M) between the plates (31, 32). The opening angle α satisfies the relation: θ+α≥90°, where θ is the wetting angle between the molten braze-welding filler material and the base material of the separating element (30).