Electrical Balanced Duplexer With Phase-Shifter Loss Recovery
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless communication devices, the use of electrical balanced duplexers with impedance tuners leads to insertion loss due to the branching of transmission and reception paths, resulting in power loss of transmission signals and received signals as they pass through the impedance tuner.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of two circuit paths between an antenna and an isolation circuit, combined with phase shifters, to recombine split signals and reduce insertion loss while maintaining isolation between transmitter and receiver circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an impedance tuner is used to match the impedance of the antenna to increase isolation effectiveness, then the isolation between transmitter and receiver is improved, but insertion loss increases due to power loss when signals branch to the impedance tuner
Solution Approach 1:
The transmission and reception paths are divided into multiple segments (first circuit path and second circuit path) with different impedance characteristics. The first path provides a first impedance while the second path provides a second impedance, allowing the system to achieve both isolation and reduced insertion loss through selective path usage or combination.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the impedance parameter along the signal paths by providing different impedances in different circuit paths. The first circuit path has a first impedance and the second circuit path has a second impedance, allowing optimization of both isolation and power transmission by selecting or combining paths based on operational requirements.
2Reliability
If the transmission path branches between the antenna and the impedance tuner, then the isolation circuit can effectively isolate transmitter and receiver, but some of the transmission power is lost when the signal branches to the impedance tuner
Solution Approach 1:
The transmission path is segmented into a first circuit path and a second circuit path, where the first path carries the main transmission signal with lower insertion loss, and the second path provides alternative routing through the impedance tuner for isolation purposes. This segmentation allows the system to maintain transmission power while achieving isolation.
Solution Approach 2:
The first circuit path acts as an intermediary that provides a low-loss transmission route between the antenna and the impedance tuner. This intermediary path allows the impedance tuner to perform isolation functions without forcing all signals to traverse the lossy impedance matching path.
3Reliability
If the reception path branches between the receiver and the impedance tuner, then the isolation circuit can effectively block transmission signals from the receiver, but some of the received signal power is lost when the signal branches to the impedance tuner
Solution Approach 1:
The reception path is segmented into a first circuit path and a second circuit path, where the first path provides a low-loss route for received signals and the second path provides isolation through the impedance tuner. This segmentation enables the system to receive signals with minimal power loss while maintaining isolation from transmission signals.
Solution Approach 2:
Different impedance parameters are provided in different reception path segments. The first circuit path has impedance optimized for signal reception with minimal loss, while the second circuit path has impedance configured for isolation. This parameter differentiation allows simultaneous achievement of both reception sensitivity and isolation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively recovers lost power by combining split signals, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrical balanced duplexer and reducing insertion loss, enhancing the overall performance of wireless communication devices.
Implementation Method 1
the balun may receive an input signal (e.g., traveling in a first direction) and output two output signals of opposite polarities (e.g., being 180 degrees out of phase from one another), each having half the power of the input signal
Implementation Method 2
use at least one phase shifter disposed on at least one of the two circuit paths to phase shift at least one of the split transmission signals so that the two split transmission signals are in phase (e.g., have a zero degree difference in phase)
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to reducing or substantially eliminating an insertion loss caused by isolating a transmit circuit from a receive circuit of an electronic device. To do so, an isolation circuit may be disposed between the transmit circuit and the receive circuit. The isolation circuit may have a first signal path and a second signal path. A first portion of the signal may propagate along the first signal path and a second portion of the signal may propagate along the second signal path. A phase shifter may be disposed on the first signal path to shift a phase of the first portion to match a phase of the second portion. The phase-shifted first portion may be combined with the second portion to reduce or substantially eliminate an insertion loss caused by the isolation circuit.