Phase-Balanced Duplexer Using Split Paths to Recover Power
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless communication devices, the use of electrical balanced duplexers and impedance tuners leads to insertion loss due to the branching of transmission and reception paths, resulting in power loss of transmission and reception signals.
Innovation Solution
Implementing two circuit paths between an antenna and an isolation circuit, with a balun and phase shifters to combine split signals, thereby reducing insertion loss by correlating phases and combining power from both paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an impedance tuner is used to match the impedance of the antenna to increase effectiveness of isolation, then isolation between transmitter and receiver is improved, but insertion loss increases due to power loss when signals branch to the impedance tuner
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the signal path into two separate circuit paths: one path connects the antenna to the impedance tuner, and the other path connects the antenna directly to the isolation circuit. This segmentation allows the signal to be routed through only one path at a time, eliminating the power loss associated with branching to both paths simultaneously. The segmentation principle resolves the contradiction by maintaining isolation effectiveness while reducing insertion loss through path separation.
2Reliability
If the transmission path branches between the antenna and the impedance tuner, then impedance matching and isolation are achieved, but transmission power is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic switching mechanisms that allow the system to adaptively select between different circuit paths based on operational requirements. During transmission, the system dynamically routes signals through the path with lower insertion loss while maintaining isolation effectiveness. This dynamic adaptability resolves the contradiction by optimizing power transmission while preserving isolation performance.
3Reliability
If the reception path branches between the receiver and the impedance tuner, then isolation is maintained, but received signal power is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The reception path is segmented into separate circuit paths, allowing received signals to be routed through the optimal path without unnecessary branching. This segmentation eliminates redundant power loss while maintaining isolation effectiveness, directly resolving the contradiction between isolation reliability and received signal power.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively recovers lost power and improves the efficiency of the isolation circuit, maintaining transmitter-receiver isolation while minimizing insertion loss.
Implementation Method 1
the balun may receive an input signal (e.g., traveling in a first direction) and output two output signals of opposite polarities (e.g., being 180 degrees out of phase from one another), each having half the power of the input signal
Implementation Method 2
the disclosed embodiments may use at least one phase shifter disposed on at least one of the two circuit paths to phase shift at least one of the split transmission signals so that the two split transmission signals are in phase (e.g., have a zero degree difference in phase)
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments disclosed herein relate to reducing or substantially eliminating an insertion loss caused by isolating a transmit circuit from a receive circuit of an electronic device. To do so, an isolation circuit may be disposed between the transmit circuit and the receive circuit. The isolation circuit may have a first signal path and a second signal path. A first portion of the signal may propagate along the first signal path and a second portion of the signal may propagate along the second signal path. A phase shifter may be disposed on the first signal path to shift a phase of the first portion to match a phase of the second portion. The phase-shifted first portion may be combined with the second portion to reduce or substantially eliminate an insertion loss caused by the isolation circuit.