Dust Mixture Separation via Partial Fluidization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods fail to effectively separate dust mixtures containing dusts of different densities due to overlapping particle sizes and unsuitability for separating ultra-fine particles, particularly when customary screening methods and high-speed air flow methods are ineffective.
Innovation Solution
A method and device that utilize a fluidizing gas to partially fluidize a dust mixture, with a controlled vertical gas flow that separates dusts of different densities by creating a lower, non-fluidized area for the denser dust and an upper, fluidized area for the lighter dust, allowing the lighter dust to be discharged like a liquid.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional sieving methods are used to separate dust mixtures, then separation can be achieved for particles of different sizes, but separation fails when dust particles have overlapping sizes
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the physical state parameter of the dust mixture from static to fluidized state by introducing fluidizing gas. This parameter change enables separation based on density rather than size, allowing effective separation of particles with overlapping sizes that cannot be separated by conventional sieving methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical sieving system with a fluidization-based separation system. Instead of using physical screens and mechanical movement to separate particles, the system uses fluidizing gas to create different fluidization states for particles of different densities, achieving separation through fluid dynamics rather than mechanical filtration.
2Manufacturing precision
If high-velocity airflow is used to tear fine particles from material mixture, then fine particles can be separated, but the method is not suitable for separating dust mixtures of different densities
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the velocity parameter of the fluidizing gas to a specific range that is sufficient to fluidize lighter dust particles but insufficient to fluidize heavier particles. This controlled velocity parameter enables density-based separation, distinguishing the invention from high-velocity airflow methods that merely tear particles apart without achieving selective fluidization.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies partial fluidization by controlling the fluidizing gas velocity to affect only a portion of the particle population (the lighter dust particles) while leaving heavier particles in a non-fluidized state. This partial action on different particle populations enables selective separation based on density differences.
3Ease of operation
If complete fluidization is applied to dust mixture, then all particles become fluidized and behave like liquids, but separation of different density components cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies partial fluidization by controlling the fluidizing gas velocity to affect only a portion of the particle population (the lighter dust particles) while leaving heavier particles in a non-fluidized state. This partial action on different particle populations enables selective separation based on density differences.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates different local states within the dust mixture: an upper region where lighter particles are fluidized and behave like liquids, and a lower region where heavier particles remain non-fluidized. This local differentiation of physical states enables separation while maintaining the beneficial liquid-like behavior of the fluidized component.
4Adaptability or versatility
If fluidizing gas velocity is increased to fluidize denser dust, then complete fluidization occurs, but separation efficiency decreases as lighter dust also becomes fully fluidized
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the velocity parameter of the fluidizing gas to a specific range that is sufficient to fluidize lighter dust particles but insufficient to fluidize heavier particles. This parameter change enables separation based on density rather than size, allowing effective separation of particles with overlapping sizes that cannot be separated by conventional sieving methods.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Achieves efficient separation of dust fractions by stabilizing partial fluidization of organic dusts and preventing fluidization of inorganic dusts, enabling effective removal of interfering components like sand from coal dust, with improved separation efficiency and minimal residual dust in the fluidized area.
Implementation Method 1
passing a fluidizing gas through the dust mixture and only partially fluidizing it with respect to the first dust, wherein a vertical component of the amount of fluidizing gas passing through the dust mixture is adjusted such that it causes the fluidization of the first dust
Implementation Method 2
a vertical component of the amount of fluidizing gas passing through the dust mixture is adjusted such that it causes the fluidization of the first dust, but is lower than the vertical component of the amount of fluidizing gas passing through the dust mixture at which fluidization of the second dust occurs
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4
AI summary
A dust mixture (5) comprising low-density dust and high-density dust and fluidizing gas are provided to a vertical component (2). The low-density dust is fluidized using the fluidizing gas and raised in the vertical component, and high-density dust settles. Thus the separation of dust mixture is carried out. An independent claim is included for device (1) for separating dust mixture.