Dynamic Adaptive Lithium Battery Charging Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional lithium ion battery charging methods, which follow a constant-current and constant-voltage mode, often cause overdischarge and damage to the battery's molecular structure, leading to inefficient charging and reduced battery life due to inappropriate current supply and potential gradients.
Innovation Solution
A dynamic natural adaptive charging method that automatically regulates the charging current by progressively increasing the excitation voltage for low-current repair charging and then decreasing it for quick charging, ensuring the battery is charged according to its actual capacity and power state, preventing overcharge and maintaining the molecular structure integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If constant-current and constant-voltage charging mode is used, then charging process is simple to control, but charging efficiency is too low and battery life is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static constant-current/constant-voltage charging to dynamic adaptive charging. The charging current is continuously adjusted based on real-time detection of battery voltage and current, creating a dynamic charging profile that adapts to the battery's actual state, thereby improving charging efficiency while maintaining simple control through automated feedback.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms by detecting battery voltage and current in real-time during charging. The system uses this feedback information to automatically adjust the charging current, ensuring optimal charging conditions. This closed-loop control improves charging efficiency without complicating the user interface or control operation.
2Ease of manufacture
If manually set charging voltage for each phase is used, then charging mode is easy to implement, but potential gradient inside battery is too large or too small causing unreasonable current supply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by enabling the battery charging system to automatically determine and adjust its own charging parameters. The system detects the battery's actual state and autonomously regulates the charging current without requiring manual intervention or pre-set voltage values, ensuring optimal current supply that adapts to the battery's real-time conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the charging current based on detected battery voltage and current levels. Instead of using fixed manually-set voltages, the system continuously modifies charging parameters to maintain optimal potential gradient and current supply, improving reliability while keeping the implementation straightforward through automated regulation.
3Device complexity
If fixed cut-off discharging voltage of 2.5V to 2.7V is used, then discharge protection is simple, but overdischarge occurs causing local collapse of molecular structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback by continuously detecting battery voltage during discharge and comparing it against dynamic thresholds. Instead of using a fixed cut-off voltage, the system monitors real-time voltage levels and automatically adjusts the discharge cutoff point based on the battery's actual state, preventing overdischarge and molecular structure collapse while maintaining simple protection logic.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics in discharge protection by transitioning from a static fixed voltage cutoff to a dynamic adaptive cutoff mechanism. The discharge termination voltage is adjusted based on real-time battery conditions, allowing the system to prevent overdischarge and structural damage while keeping the protection mechanism simple through automated voltage monitoring and adjustment.
4Adaptability or versatility
If conventional charging habit follows lead acid battery method, then charging process is standardized, but charging voltage does not match lithium ion battery actual conditions causing damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by adapting charging voltage and current parameters specifically for lithium ion batteries. Instead of using standardized lead-acid battery charging methods, the system dynamically adjusts voltage and current parameters to match lithium ion battery characteristics, preventing damage while maintaining a standardized charging process through automated parameter regulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms tailored to lithium ion battery characteristics. The system detects voltage and current levels specific to lithium ion chemistry and uses this feedback to automatically adjust charging parameters, ensuring the charging process is standardized yet adapted to prevent battery damage unlike generic lead-acid charging methods.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables quicker and fuller charging of lithium ion batteries while preventing overcharge, ensuring the battery's molecular structure is maintained and its life is extended by adapting to the battery's actual conditions.
Implementation Method 1
regulating an excitation voltage of the charger to be equal to a voltage of the lithium battery pack to be charged
Implementation Method 2
In an electrochemical reaction process of charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery
Implementation Method 3
increasing the excitation voltage to perform repair charging... progressively increasing the excitation voltage at an amplitude of 0.6 to 1V
Implementation Method 4
a molecular structure of electrode material of the lithium ion battery is not changed theoretically (i.e., the electrochemical reaction process is a topotactic reaction)
Data Source
AI summary
A dynamic natural adaptive charging method, comprises: (a) connecting a charger with a main charging circuit of a lithium battery pack to be charged and a BMS communication interface, regulating an excitation voltage of the charger to a voltage of the lithium battery pack to be charged, and switching on the charger and the lithium battery pack to be charged when the output voltage of the charger is equal to the voltage of the battery pack; (b) increasing the excitation voltage by 0.6 to 1V for charging until the charging current is decreased to a first set value; (c) repeating step (b) until voltages of all single batteries in the lithium battery pack to be charged reach a second set value; and (d) regulating the excitation voltage to a nominal voltage of the lithium battery pack to be charged and charging with the maximum output current of the charger.