Carbon Dioxide Recovery with Dynamic Adsorbent Temperature Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Adsorbent materials used in carbon dioxide recovery systems deteriorate due to oxidation when exposed to high ambient air temperatures, leading to reduced effectiveness and lifespan.
Innovation Solution
A carbon dioxide recovery apparatus that includes sensors for ambient air temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and humidity, along with a flow rate controller to adjust gas flow based on these conditions, preventing the adsorbent material from exceeding an oxidation limit temperature by reducing flow rates when necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If gas flow rate is increased to improve carbon dioxide recovery efficiency, then productivity is improved, but the temperature of the adsorbent material rises due to adsorption heat, causing oxidation and deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The gas flow rate is made dynamic rather than constant. The flow rate controller adjusts the flow rate in real-time based on ambient temperature conditions. When ambient temperature is high, the flow rate is reduced to prevent excessive temperature rise in the adsorbent material. When ambient temperature is low, the flow rate can be increased to improve recovery efficiency. This dynamic adjustment resolves the contradiction between productivity and reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The operating parameter (gas flow rate) is changed based on environmental conditions (ambient temperature). By monitoring ambient temperature and adjusting the flow rate accordingly, the system optimizes the balance between carbon dioxide recovery efficiency and adsorbent material temperature control, preventing oxidation while maintaining effective operation.
2Reliability
If gas flow rate is reduced to suppress adsorbent material temperature rise, then reliability is improved, but productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses dynamic flow rate adjustment rather than a fixed reduced flow rate. The flow rate controller continuously monitors ambient temperature and adjusts the gas flow rate in real-time. This allows the system to operate at higher flow rates when ambient temperature is low (maintaining productivity) and reduce flow rate only when necessary to prevent adsorbent material deterioration, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback control by monitoring ambient temperature and using this information to adjust the gas flow rate. The flow rate controller receives temperature data and automatically adjusts the flow rate to maintain adsorbent material temperature within safe limits while maximizing carbon dioxide recovery efficiency, thereby resolving the contradiction between reliability and productivity.
3Temperature
If ambient air temperature is high, then the base temperature of the adsorbent material is high, but this makes the adsorbent material more prone to oxidation and deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The system takes preliminary action by monitoring ambient temperature before the adsorbent material temperature becomes excessively high. When high ambient temperature is detected, the flow rate controller proactively reduces the gas flow rate to prevent excessive temperature rise and oxidation, rather than waiting for damage to occur. This preliminary anti-action protects the adsorbent material reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the operating parameter (gas flow rate) in response to changes in ambient temperature. When ambient temperature increases, the flow rate is reduced to compensate and maintain adsorbent material temperature within safe limits. This parameter adjustment resolves the contradiction between the unavoidable high base temperature in hot environments and the need to prevent oxidation and deterioration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus effectively suppresses adsorbent material deterioration, maintaining its effectiveness and extending its lifespan by controlling gas flow to prevent oxidation, even in high ambient air temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
In an adsorption step of adsorbing carbon dioxide on an adsorbent material, the temperature of the adsorbent material rises due to adsorption heat generated when carbon dioxide and water are adsorbed.
Data Source
AI summary
To provide a carbon dioxide recovery apparatus that can suppress deterioration of an adsorbent material therein even in a high ambient air temperature environment. A carbon dioxide recovery apparatus 1 includes: an ambient air temperature sensor that acquires an ambient air temperature at a location where a reactor is disposed; a carbon dioxide sensor that acquires a carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere; a humidity sensor that acquires a humidity in the atmosphere; and a flow rate controller that adjusts a flow rate of the gas flowing in the reactor by controlling the fan, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve based on the ambient air temperature, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the humidity so that the temperature of an adsorbent material in an adsorption step of adsorbing carbon dioxide on the adsorbent material does not exceed a preset threshold.