Dynamic Antenna Selection for Hand Masking and EMI
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wireless devices face performance degradation due to antenna masking by the user's hand and EMI issues from proximity to audio circuits, especially in multi-standard devices with multiple RATs operating simultaneously, where there is a need to dynamically select the optimal antenna for improved radiation performance.
Innovation Solution
Systems and methods for dynamically selecting the operating antenna based on the user's hand or head position relative to the antennas, using power monitoring and switching units to identify and choose the antenna with the best performance characteristics, such as maximum transmitted or received power, or minimum reflected power, for optimal radiation efficiency and reduced interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the antenna is located at the top or bottom edge of the device, then the problem of antenna masking by human hand is reduced, but there exists EMI issues due to the close proximity of the antenna to the audio circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between multiple antennas based on real-time detection of hand presence and EMI conditions. The antenna selection is not fixed but adapts to changing environmental factors, allowing the device to use edge-mounted antennas when hands-free and switch to internal antennas when hand-masking is detected, thereby resolving the contradiction between hand-masking reduction and EMI avoidance
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the operational parameters by selecting different antennas from a plurality of available antennas based on measured performance characteristics such as reflected power, transmitted power, or received signal strength. This parameter-based selection allows optimization of antenna performance under varying conditions of hand proximity and EMI interference
2Area of stationary object
If multiple antennas are placed on the periphery of the circuit board to save space, then space efficiency is improved, but the problem arises as to which antenna will be chosen for transmission when antennas may be masked or unmasked by the user's hand at any time
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs self-service by automatically detecting which antenna is least affected by hand-masking through power monitoring and impedance sensing, then autonomously selecting the optimal antenna for transmission without requiring manual intervention. The system monitors its own performance and adapts to changing conditions in real-time
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms by continuously monitoring parameters such as reflected power, transmitted power, or received signal strength from each antenna, and using this feedback to dynamically select the optimal antenna. The feedback loop allows the system to respond to hand-masking events and other environmental changes by switching to the best-performing antenna
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances antenna performance by selecting the least affected antenna by user presence and environmental factors, improving radiation characteristics, signal quality, and reducing impedance changes, thereby maintaining optimal RF characteristics and compliance with SAR regulations.
Implementation Method 1
an antenna which emits an electromagnetic wave
Implementation Method 2
due to the dielectric loading effect of the human tissue, the performance of the antenna is degraded
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for improving user equipment performance by implementing antenna selection based on measurement of performance parameters of a plurality of antennas. In some embodiments, the antenna parameter measurements comprise radiated power. In other embodiments, the antenna parameter measurements comprise reflected power. In various embodiments, the antenna parameter measurements may be based on data from sensors that are operable to detect operational characteristics of the plurality of antennas based on the proximity of a portion of a user's body to the sensors. The antenna parameter measurements are then used to select one of the antennas within the plurality of antennas for transmitting and receiving data signals by a wireless communication device.