Dynamic Battery Charging via Internal Resistance Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery charging apparatuses cause rapid degradation and short lifetimes of lithium ion battery cells due to constant voltage or current charging methods.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging apparatus and method that uses a battery management system to measure voltage and current, calculating dynamic internal resistance to alternate between outputting and not outputting charge current or voltage based on this resistance, adjusting time lengths and magnitudes to optimize charging and prevent overcharging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If constant voltage or current charging method is used, then charging speed is maintained, but battery degradation accelerates and lifetime shortens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from constant charging parameters to dynamic charging parameters. The charging apparatus continuously measures the battery's internal resistance and adjusts charging current and voltage based on real-time battery state, making the charging process adaptive rather than static. This resolves the contradiction by allowing high charging speed when battery conditions permit while reducing stress when conditions deteriorate.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters during the charging process by adjusting charging current and voltage based on measured internal resistance values. Instead of maintaining constant parameters, the system varies these parameters dynamically according to battery state, enabling both high productivity when conditions are favorable and protection of battery lifetime when conditions require gentler charging.
2Use of energy by moving object
If constant current charging is used, then charging efficiency is maintained, but battery overheating and degradation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by continuously measuring the battery's internal resistance during charging and using this information to adjust charging parameters. The system forms a closed-loop control where charging current and voltage are modified based on real-time battery state feedback, preventing overheating and degradation while maintaining efficient charging when conditions allow.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from static constant current charging to dynamic charging where current and voltage are continuously adjusted based on measured internal resistance. This dynamic approach maintains high charging efficiency when battery conditions are good while automatically reducing charging stress when temperature or resistance indicators suggest potential harm.
3Loss of time
If high charging current is applied, then charging time is reduced, but battery internal resistance increases and lifetime decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by adjusting charging current based on real-time internal resistance measurements. The system starts with higher current to reduce charging time when internal resistance is low, then dynamically reduces current as internal resistance increases during charging, optimizing the balance between charging speed and battery protection throughout the charging process.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary measurement of internal resistance before applying charging current, and continuously monitors during charging. This preliminary and ongoing assessment allows the system to apply appropriate current levels from the start and adjust throughout charging, preventing excessive current application that would increase internal resistance and reduce lifetime.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery charging apparatus includes a charging module and a control module. The control module obtains a DIR (dynamic internal resistance) of a battery cell group based on a voltage and a current of the battery cell group, and generates a control signal based on the voltage and the DIR of the battery cell group. The charging module alternates between outputting and not outputting a charge current/voltage to charge the battery cell group based on the control signal.