Dynamic Beamforming for Wireless Network Capacity

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing wireless data network architectures are inefficient due to fixed frequency reuse schemes, leading to resource wastage and difficulties in expanding networks in high-demand areas, as they limit flexibility and capacity.

Innovation Solution

A wireless data network that dynamically reuses the same frequency band across all cells, dynamically adjusts route and frequency channel assignments, transmit power, modulation, coding, and symbol rate to maximize network capacity and packet delivery, utilizing a time domain duplex system with synchronized sectors for efficient beamforming and multipath routing to mitigate interference and obstacles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If fixed frequency reuse schemes are used in wireless data networks, then interference between cells is reduced, but network capacity and resource utilization deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference mitigationVSAvoidnetwork capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic frequency assignment where frequency channels are not fixed to specific cells but are dynamically allocated based on real-time network conditions, traffic demand, and interference levels. This allows the same frequency band to be reused across multiple cells simultaneously when conditions permit, dramatically increasing network capacity while maintaining interference mitigation through active management and coordination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If frequency bands are divided into sub bands for cellular reuse, then interference between adjacent cells is reduced, but spectrum utilization efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference reductionVSAvoidspectrum utilization efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically changes frequency parameters by allowing all frequency channels to be available to every node in the network rather than assigning fixed frequency subsets to specific cells. The cloud controller adjusts frequency channel assignments, transmit power levels, and beamforming parameters in real-time to maximize spectrum utilization while preventing interference through coordinated parameter management across the network.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If wired networks are used for data infrastructure, then network stability and reliability are improved, but flexibility and expansion capability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork stabilityVSAvoidnetwork flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/physical wired infrastructure with wireless communication systems that use electromagnetic fields for data transmission. This substitution provides the stability and reliability of established network architectures while gaining the flexibility to rapidly deploy new nodes and reconfigure network topology without physical cable installation, enabling easy network expansion and adaptation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Reliability

If point-to-point radio links are used in wireless data networks, then link reliability is improved, but network scalability and capacity deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelink reliabilityVSAvoidnetwork capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple point-to-point radio links into a mesh network topology where nodes can communicate directly with multiple neighbors simultaneously. This combination maintains the reliability of individual point-to-point links while enabling multiple concurrent communication paths through the network, dramatically increasing overall network capacity and allowing traffic to be routed through alternative paths when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances network capacity, flexibility, and reliability by optimizing frequency usage, reducing interference, and allowing for efficient expansion, while maintaining high packet delivery probabilities even in congested or obstructed areas.

Implementation Method 1

Each sector on each node has a 2D or 3D beamforming capability. This permits the unit to form a high gain beam that is pointed at the destination node

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBeamforming:

Implementation Method 2

The Next Generation Network is a time domain duplex (TDD) system (it can also be Frequency domain duplex, however the TDD is the more complex case, hence explained in detail). All sectors of each node transmit or receive at the same time. They are synchronized by a master controller. This allows the use of a single frequency across all sectors and mitigates adjacent channel interference.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime domain duplexing:

Data Source

PatentUS10027386B2Fine and coarse parameter beam forming
Publication Date: 2018.07.17 META PLATFORMS INC
  • US10027386B2 patent drawing
  • US10027386B2 patent drawing
  • US10027386B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Methods, systems and apparatuses for selecting parameters of a beam are disclosed. One method includes selecting, by a network controller of a wireless network, coarse beam parameters of each of a plurality of antenna arrays of a first node or a second node of the wireless network based on one or more static parameters of the first node and the second node, selecting, by at least one of the first node or the second node of the wireless network, fine beam parameters of each of the plurality of antenna arrays of the first node or the second node based on perturbations to dynamic parameters of at least one wireless link between the first node and the second node, and forming at least one beam by at least one of the first node or the second node using the coarse beam parameters and the fine beam parameters.