Dynamic Bit Rate Control for Video Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current multi-bit rate video streaming systems use a constant bit rate approach, which inefficiently encodes video segments with varying visual complexity, leading to inconsistent and undesirable video quality due to excessive bit allocation for low complexity scenes and insufficient allocation for high complexity scenes.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that dynamically control bit rate and quantization step size for each frame of a video by determining a bit budget based on frame complexity, altering target bits using a histogram gradient, and evaluating quantization states to optimize bit allocation, ensuring consistent video quality across different network conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a constant bit rate approach is used to encode each alternative video stream, then the encoding process is simple and consistent, but the video quality becomes inconsistent across different scene complexities
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic bit rate allocation by adjusting the bit budget for each frame based on its complexity characteristics. Instead of using a fixed constant bit rate, the system dynamically modifies target bits for each frame according to measured complexity metrics, enabling the encoding process to adapt to varying scene requirements while maintaining operational simplicity through automated complexity assessment.
2Measurement precision
If a higher bit rate is specified for video encoding, then the reproduction accuracy of the original video is improved, but the network data transfer requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality optimization by allocating bit rates differently across various frames based on their individual complexity characteristics. High complexity frames receive higher bit rates to maintain reproduction accuracy, while low complexity frames receive lower bit rates to reduce overall data transfer volume. This localized approach ensures that bits are spent where they are most needed rather than uniformly across all frames.
3Ease of manufacture
If a constant bit rate is allocated to all frames, then the encoding process is straightforward, but high complexity scenes receive insufficient bits leading to poor video quality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the video stream into individual frames and evaluates each frame's complexity independently. By dividing the video content into discrete units with distinct complexity characteristics, the system can apply different bit rate allocations to different segments (frames) based on their specific requirements, rather than treating the entire video stream uniformly with a constant bit rate.
4Manufacturing precision
If bits are reallocated based on frame complexity, then video quality consistency is improved, but the encoding process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service mechanism where the encoding system automatically assesses frame complexity and adjusts bit rate allocations without requiring external intervention or complex manual configuration. The system serves itself by using built-in complexity evaluation metrics to make real-time decisions about resource allocation, thereby improving video quality consistency while keeping the increase in encoding process complexity manageable through automation.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for controlling bit rate and quantization step size of each frame of a plurality of frames of a video in encoding of the video. The method includes determining a bit budget for the each frame by utilizing a first pre-determined criterion, altering computed target bits based on complexity of the each frame by utilizing a third pre-determined criterion, evaluating quantization states for the each frame using a pre-determined quantizing criterion, and updating a controlling module based on data of the each frame. The target bits are computed for the each frame by utilizing a second pre-determined criterion and the third pre-determined criterion is based on the determined bit budget and a histogram gradient. The evaluated quantization state is allotted to the each frame based on the determined bit budget and the computed target bits.