Dynamic Bus Arbitration Using Remaining Time and Data Size

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bus arbitration schemes struggle to efficiently allocate bandwidth when the total required bandwidth exceeds 100% of the shared resource's capacity, often leading to prioritization issues and inability to satisfy the bandwidth needs of all masters.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that set priority levels based on the remaining time period until a data transfer deadline and the remaining data size, using a time measuring unit, detection unit, and setting unit to dynamically adjust priority, ensuring deadline guarantees and optimal bandwidth allocation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If fixed priority arbitration is used to guarantee bandwidth for high-priority masters, then bandwidth assurance for specific masters is improved, but access time for low-priority masters increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth assuranceVSAvoidaccess time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic priority adjustment where the arbiter continuously monitors the number of times each master has accessed the bus and modifies priority levels accordingly. High-priority masters temporarily reduce their priority after sufficient access, allowing low-priority masters to access the bus, creating a time-varying priority scheme that balances bandwidth assurance with fair access time distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The arbitration system incorporates feedback mechanisms where the arbiter counts bus access occurrences for each master and uses this information to adjust future arbitration decisions. The system feeds back access statistics to the priority determination logic, enabling adaptive priority assignment that responds to actual bus utilization patterns and ensures both bandwidth guarantees and reasonable access times for all masters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If round robin arbitration is used to provide equal access to all masters, then fairness among masters is improved, but bandwidth assurance for masters requiring large bandwidth is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovefairnessVSAvoidbandwidth assurance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system transitions from static equal-priority round robin to dynamic priority arbitration where priority levels change based on historical access patterns. Masters that have accessed the bus fewer times receive higher priority, while those with sufficient access see their priority reduced, creating a dynamic balancing mechanism that maintains fairness while allowing bandwidth-intensive masters to receive adequate resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The arbitration system changes the priority parameter dynamically based on access count statistics. Instead of maintaining constant equal priorities, the system modifies priority values as a function of accumulated access history, enabling the same arbitration framework to adapt between fairness-oriented and bandwidth-assurance-oriented behavior based on current system state.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If weighted priority arbitration is used to assign bandwidth ratios, then bandwidth allocation according to requirements is improved, but complexity of control logic increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth allocationVSAvoidcontrol logic
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The arbitration system implements self-adjusting priority levels that automatically respond to bus access patterns without external intervention. The arbiter autonomously monitors access counts and modifies priorities based on predefined criteria, eliminating the need for complex external control logic or manual configuration while achieving weighted bandwidth allocation through simple count-based decision rules.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses simple parameter changes (access count increments and threshold comparisons) to achieve complex bandwidth allocation behavior. Instead of implementing sophisticated weighted scheduling algorithms, the patent modifies priority parameters based on basic counting logic, reducing control complexity while maintaining effective bandwidth distribution according to master requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS7685344B2Method of setting priority of devices connected to bus, and apparatus having a plurality of devices and arbiter
Publication Date: 2010.03.23 CANON KK
  • US7685344B2 patent drawing
  • US7685344B2 patent drawing
  • US7685344B2 patent drawing

AI summary

The remaining time period until the deadline of transfer by a device connected to a bus is measured, the remaining data size to be transferred by the device is detected, and the priority level of the device is set based on the remaining time period and the remaining data size.