Dynamic Capacitor Bank for Energy Harvesting Voltage Stability

The patent applies dynamics by making the capacitance value changeable rather than fixed. The capacitance is dynamically adjusted based on the charging state: during charging, a smaller capacitance value is used to enable fast charging; when charging is complete, a larger capacitance value is used to stabilize the voltage. This is achieved through a control circuit that switches between different capacitor configurations (single capacitor vs. multiple capacitors in parallel), resolving the contradiction between charging speed and voltage stability.

The patent applies self-service by using the generated electrical power itself to monitor the charging state. The control circuit automatically detects when the capacitor is fully charged by monitoring the voltage level, and this monitoring is performed using the power already being generated, without requiring additional external power sources. The system monitors its own state using the available power, eliminating the need for separate monitoring power supply.

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the capacitance storage function into multiple separate capacitors that can be independently controlled. Instead of using one large capacitor with variable capacitance, the system uses multiple capacitors (e.g., C1, C2, C3) that can be connected in parallel or individually through switches (S1, S2, S3). This segmented approach allows the control circuit to selectively engage capacitors based on charging needs, achieving dynamic capacitance adjustment while maintaining relatively simple circuit implementation.