Dynamic Charging Current Adjustment for Charger Short Circuit Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing charging methods for electronic devices often result in a short circuit due to using a fixed high current, which exceeds the maximum load current of the charger, leading to inefficiencies and potential damage.
Innovation Solution
A charging method and charger that adjust the charging current in real-time by determining the difference between the real-time charging voltage and an ideal voltage, adjusting the current to a previous or next level based on a voltage drop threshold, and using a formula to calculate a corrected charging current to avoid short circuits and optimize charging efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a fixed high current is used for charging, then charging efficiency is improved, but the charger may cause a short circuit when the load current is small
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic charging current adjustment by transitioning from a fixed high current to a variable current that adapts to real-time battery state. The controller dynamically switches between multiple charging currents (first charging current, second charging current, third charging current) based on battery voltage thresholds, ensuring the charger operates reliably across different charging stages while maintaining efficiency when appropriate.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the charging current parameter dynamically based on battery voltage conditions. When battery voltage is below a first threshold, a higher first charging current is used; when voltage reaches the threshold, the current switches to a lower second charging current, and later to a third charging current. This parameter adaptation resolves the contradiction by matching current to actual charging needs.
2Speed
If a fixed high current is used for charging, then charging speed is improved, but charging safety deteriorates due to potential short circuit
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by establishing multiple predetermined charging current levels and voltage thresholds before charging begins. The controller is pre-programmed with first, second, and third charging currents corresponding to different battery voltage ranges. This preliminary configuration enables safe and efficient charging from the start without risking short circuits, as the appropriate current is selected based on real-time voltage monitoring.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback control by continuously monitoring battery voltage and adjusting charging current accordingly. The controller detects battery voltage in real-time and switches between different charging currents based on whether voltage exceeds predefined thresholds. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures charging safety by preventing excessive current when the battery is full, while maintaining high charging speed when the battery needs rapid charging.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for real-time adjustment of charging current according to the charger's load capacity, preventing short circuits and optimizing charging efficiency by selecting appropriate charging currents, thereby ensuring safe and efficient charging.
Implementation Method 1
the voltage drop threshold is a maximum divided voltage generated when a maximum load current of a charger passes an internal resistor of the charger, wherein the divided voltage is a voltage on the internal resistor of the charger
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of the present invention provide a charging method and a charger, relate to the field of electronics, and can adjust a charging current of the charger in real time and avoid a short circuit of the charger. The method in the present invention includes: setting a multi-level charging current; when a terminal is charged at a present charging current, acquiring a real-time charging voltage corresponding to the present charging current; determining whether a difference between the real-time charging voltage corresponding to the present charging current and an ideal charging voltage exceeds a voltage drop threshold; when the difference does not exceed the voltage drop threshold, boosting a charging current to a next-level charging current; and when the difference exceeds the voltage drop threshold, reducing the charging current to a previous-level charging current, so as to select an appropriate charging current to charge the terminal. The present invention is mainly used to charge the terminal.