Dynamic Charging Current Throttling for Battery Thermal Protection

The patent implements dynamic charging control by continuously monitoring temperature and adjusting charging current in real-time. Instead of static thermal shutdown, the system dynamically modulates the charging current based on instantaneous temperature conditions, allowing the charging process to continue at reduced rates during thermal stress rather than stopping completely. This dynamic approach maintains safety while minimizing charging time losses.

The patent employs feedback control mechanisms where temperature sensors continuously monitor the charging process and feed this information back to the charging controller. The controller uses this feedback to adjust charging parameters, reducing current when temperatures rise and restoring it when temperatures decrease. This closed-loop feedback system replaces the open-loop thermal shutdown approach, enabling continuous charging with active thermal management.

The patent dynamically changes charging parameters (current, voltage, power) based on real-time temperature measurements. When temperature exceeds predefined thresholds, the system automatically adjusts charging parameters to reduce heat generation. This may involve lowering charging current, implementing pulse charging patterns, or modifying duty cycles. The parameter changes are continuous and adaptive, allowing the system to maintain high charging speeds when safe and reduce speeds only when necessary for thermal management.

The patent implements periodic charging patterns such as pulse charging when thermal conditions require intervention. Instead of continuous high-current charging, the system applies charging current in periodic pulses with duty cycles adjusted based on temperature. This periodic action allows thermal dissipation between pulses while still delivering significant charging energy over time, reducing peak heat generation while maintaining overall charging productivity.

The patent replaces fixed high temperature thresholds with dynamic, multi-level temperature management. Instead of a single high shutdown threshold that risks damage, the system implements multiple temperature levels with different response strategies: warning levels that reduce charging current, critical levels that implement pulse charging, and emergency levels that halt charging. This dynamic multi-level approach maintains charging continuity at safe levels while preventing the need to set thresholds so high that damage risk increases.

The patent takes preliminary protective action by implementing progressive charging reduction before reaching dangerous temperature levels. Rather than waiting for high-temperature shutdown conditions, the system proactively reduces charging current at lower temperature thresholds, implements intermediate cooling phases, and prepares thermal management strategies in advance. This preliminary action prevents the need to operate near damage thresholds and maintains charging continuity through planned, safe thermal management.