Dynamic Conduction Mapping for Battery SOC Balancing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional energy storage systems face challenges in balancing the state of charge among batteries, leading to inefficiencies, uneven aging, and increased costs due to the need for oversized systems to compensate for disparities, which current management algorithms cannot address.

Innovation Solution

A method that balances the state of charge by using a distribution bus with connection elements that can switch between conduction states, employing a mapping process to adjust the operating current intervals and optimize the conduction states of contactors or variable resistors to minimize charge state differences among batteries.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If batteries are connected in parallel and/or in series with basic energy management, then the storage system can operate, but the states of charge drift apart causing uneven aging and capacity limitations

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestate of charge balancingVSAvoidsystem capacity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The current range is divided into at least two current intervals: a first interval extending from maximum charge current to zero current (load phase), and a second interval extending from zero current to maximum discharge current (discharge phase). Different conduction states are applied to connection elements in each interval to balance state of charge across batteries.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Connection elements have at least two electrical conduction states and switch between them dynamically based on the current interval. The mapping of conduction states is calculated periodically and updated to adapt to changing battery states, enabling dynamic balancing while maintaining system capacity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

2Quantity of substance

If the storage system is oversized to compensate for battery disparities, then capacity requirements are met, but system cost increases unnecessarily

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveenergy reservoir capacityVSAvoidsystem cost

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The conduction states of connection elements are changed based on calculated mappings that optimize battery utilization. By periodically recalculating and updating these mappings, the system dynamically adjusts parameters to maintain balanced state of charge, allowing the use of properly sized batteries without oversizing.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3331125B1Method for balancing load states of a plurality of devices for storing electric energy

Publication Date: 2019.09.11 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES

Figure 1~2
Figure 3A~3B
Figure 3C~4B

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for balancing the states of charge (SOC) of a plurality of electrical energy storage devices belonging to an electrical energy storage system (100, 800), the storage devices (120) being connected to a distribution bus (140) via connecting elements (160, 170), the storage system having an operating current belonging to a current range divided into current intervals, the method comprising the following steps: - (a) obtaining the state of charge of the storage devices; - (b) calculating a conduction state map of the connecting elements associated with each current interval; - (c) determining the current interval to which the operating current belongs; - (d) applying to the connecting elements the map associated with the current interval determined in step (c);steps (a) and (b) being repeated periodically to update the conduction state maps of the connecting elements.