Dynamic Cyclic Prefix Length for Wireless Overhead Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) face inefficiencies due to static cyclic prefix (CP) lengths, which result in unnecessary overhead as they do not adapt to varying multipath delay spreads across different user equipment locations within a cell, leading to suboptimal resource utilization.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a dynamic CP length management system where the CP length is adjusted on a per-packet or listen-before-talk (LBT) frame basis, based on observed channel delay spread, allowing for explicit or implicit signaling, and using UE-specific or cell-specific indications to optimize CP length for each transmission.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a longer cyclic prefix duration is used to mitigate inter-symbol interference for wireless devices near cell boundary, then reliability is improved, but overhead increases and resource utilization efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinter-symbol interference mitigationVSAvoidoverhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic cyclic prefix length adjustment where the base station determines and signals different CP lengths (first CP length or second CP length) to different wireless devices based on their channel delay spread measurements. This dynamic adaptation allows devices near cell boundary to use longer CP for reliability while devices in better locations use shorter CP to reduce overhead, resolving the contradiction between reliability and resource efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different cyclic prefix lengths to different spatial locations within the cell based on local channel conditions. Wireless devices measure downlink channel delay spread and receive UE-specific indications of appropriate CP length, enabling each device to use locally optimized CP length matching its specific multipath environment, thus improving reliability where needed while minimizing overhead elsewhere.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Reliability

If a longer cyclic prefix duration is used to mitigate inter-symbol interference for wireless devices near cell boundary, then reliability is improved, but resource utilization efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinter-symbol interference mitigationVSAvoidresource utilization efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically selects between first and second CP lengths based on measured channel delay spread. Wireless devices report delay spread measurements to the base station, which then determines the appropriate CP length and signals it to the device. This dynamic selection ensures that longer CP is used only when necessary for reliability, while shorter CP is used otherwise to maximize resource utilization efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the cyclic prefix length parameter based on channel conditions. The base station receives delay spread measurements and adjusts the CP length parameter (selecting between first and second CP lengths) to match the multipath environment, thereby maintaining reliability while optimizing resource utilization efficiency by avoiding excessive CP length in good channel conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If static cyclic prefix length is used in OFDM systems, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to varying multipath conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecyclic prefix managementVSAvoidmultipath condition adaptation
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

Wireless devices autonomously measure downlink channel delay spread and determine their own optimal CP length requirements. The devices self-report these measurements to the base station and receive UE-specific CP length indications, enabling self-service adaptation without requiring complex centralized control, thus maintaining relatively low device complexity while achieving good adaptability to varying multipath conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback loops where wireless devices measure channel delay spread, report measurements to the base station, receive CP length indications, and apply the indicated CP length. This feedback mechanism enables adaptability to varying multipath conditions while keeping device complexity manageable by distributing the measurement and reporting functions to individual devices rather than requiring complex processing in each device.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3420693B1Dynamic cyclic prefix (CP) length
Publication Date: 2021.10.13 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3420693B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3420693B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3420693B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A wireless device may communicate using a dynamic cyclic prefix (CP) length to reduce communications overhead. That is, the wireless device may use a CP length that is changeable for each data packet or listen-before-talk (LBT) frame. For example, the wireless device may initially communicate using a first CP length and then receive a dynamic CP indication for subsequent symbols in one or more data packets or LBT frames. The wireless device may then communicate using the different CP length based on the indication. In some examples, the indicated dynamic CP length may be based on a cell radius of a base station, a data direction, or the location of a user equipment (UE) in relation to the base station.