Dynamic Evacuation Routing With Sensor-Guided Hazard Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current building evacuation systems have static evacuation plans that do not adapt to the dynamic nature of emergency situations, potentially directing occupants into danger and lack precise localization of emergency conditions.
Innovation Solution
A distributed network of sensor and signal units with local and remote control stations that analyze emergency data to dynamically adjust evacuation routes, using multifunction displays and signals to guide occupants to safe paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If static evacuation plans are used, then the system is simple and easy to operate, but the evacuation routes may direct occupants into danger zones during dynamic emergency situations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms static evacuation plans into dynamic evacuation routes that adapt in real-time to emergency conditions. The system continuously updates evacuation paths based on sensor data about fire location, smoke propagation, and occupancy patterns, ensuring routes remain safe while maintaining system operability through automated control algorithms.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements closed-loop feedback by continuously monitoring sensor data from the building environment and emergency conditions, then using this information to dynamically adjust evacuation routes. The control system receives feedback about fire location, smoke density, and occupancy, and automatically recalculates optimal evacuation paths to avoid danger zones.
2Measurement precision
If traditional smoke alarms and pull stations are used, then the system is simple to install, but the location and nature of emergency conditions cannot be localized precisely
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the building into multiple zones with distributed sensor units, each independently detecting local conditions. This segmentation allows precise localization of emergency conditions by identifying which specific zone triggers the alarm, enabling accurate determination of fire location and nature without requiring a single complex centralized system.
Solution Approach 2:
The sensor units are designed to perform multiple functions: detecting smoke, heat, and other emergency conditions; localizing the emergency source; and providing data for evacuation route calculation. This multi-functionality achieves high measurement precision while avoiding the need for separate specialized devices for each function.
3Reliability
If dynamic evacuation routes are implemented, then occupants can be guided away from danger zones, but the system requires real-time data processing and route adjustment capabilities
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements self-service automation where the control algorithm automatically processes sensor data, calculates optimal evacuation routes, and updates signage without human intervention. This maintains high evacuation safety through continuous automatic route adjustment while reducing the burden on building managers and emergency responders.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary calculations of multiple potential evacuation routes in advance, storing them for rapid deployment when emergencies occur. This preliminary action enables the system to quickly adjust routes in real-time without requiring complex on-the-spot decision-making, balancing automation with response speed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and accurate determination of emergency locations and nature, allowing for real-time adjustment of evacuation plans to avoid hazards and guide occupants safely.
Implementation Method 1
The sensor and signal units feature a signal or display apparatus and at least a smoke detector that may be recessed into the ceiling to enhance smoke detection
Implementation Method 2
The distributed sensors detect indications across a wide spectrum (e.g. infrared, moisture, particulate matter, and pressure wave)
Implementation Method 3
The sensor and signal units feature a signal or display apparatus and at least a smoke detector that may be recessed into the ceiling to enhance smoke detection
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for allowing rapid detection and display of an emergency condition using a plurality of specially-constructed multifunction sensors and display units, which allow building evacuation plans to be evaluated, modified, and transmitted to building occupants.