Dynamic Evacuation Routing With Sensor-Guided Building Exits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current building evacuation systems have static evacuation plans that do not adapt to the dynamic nature of emergency situations, potentially directing occupants into danger and lack precise localization of emergency conditions.
Innovation Solution
A distributed network of sensor and signal units with local and remote control stations that analyze emergency data to dynamically adjust evacuation routes, using multifunction displays and LED lights to guide evacuees to safe paths, and integrate sensors for precise emergency detection and localization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If static evacuation plans are used, then implementation is simple, but the system cannot adapt to dynamic emergency situations and may direct occupants into danger
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic evacuation routes that automatically adjust based on real-time sensor data about fire location and spread. The system transitions from static pre-planned routes to dynamically generated routes that respond to changing emergency conditions, allowing the evacuation plan to adapt as the fire progresses through the building.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates continuous feedback loops where sensor data from throughout the building is constantly monitored and fed back to the control system. This feedback enables real-time adjustments to evacuation routes based on actual fire conditions, occupant locations, and environmental factors detected by the sensor network.
2Measurement precision
If traditional smoke alarms and pull stations are used, then installation is conventional, but precise localization of emergency conditions cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the building into multiple zones with distributed sensor units strategically positioned throughout. Each sensor unit independently monitors its local environment for fire conditions, and the collective data from segmented zones enables precise localization of the emergency source through spatial analysis of which zones are affected.
Solution Approach 2:
The sensor units are designed as multi-functional devices that detect multiple parameters including temperature, smoke concentration, carbon monoxide levels, and humidity. This universal sensing capability allows a single distributed network to provide comprehensive emergency detection and localization without requiring separate specialized systems for each parameter.
3Reliability
If occupants proceed to the nearest exit, then evacuation is straightforward, but the route may lead through the fire zone
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors fire position and occupant location, providing real-time feedback to dynamically recalculate evacuation routes. As the fire spreads or occupants move, the system adjusts routes to maintain safety margins, ensuring that evacuation paths remain clear of hazardous zones throughout the evacuation process.
Solution Approach 2:
Evacuation routes are transformed from static predetermined paths to dynamic adaptive routes that respond to real-time conditions. The system continuously generates new routes based on current fire positions, environmental conditions, and occupant locations, allowing routes to evolve as the emergency situation develops.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables real-time adaptation of evacuation plans to avoid emergency sources, providing precise guidance to occupants through dynamic route adjustments and enhanced sensor capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
The sensor and signal units feature a signal or display apparatus and at least a smoke detector that may be recessed into the ceiling to enhance smoke detection.
Implementation Method 2
The signal or display apparatus features either an array of LED lights or a multifunction display that are bright enough to be viewed in low visibility (e.g. smoky) conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for allowing rapid detection and display of an emergency condition using a plurality of specially-constructed multifunction sensors and display units, which allow building evacuation plans to be evaluated, modified, and transmitted to building occupants.