Dynamic Geographical Spectrum Sharing for 5G and Satellite Coexistence
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing demand for wireless broadband services, particularly with the emergence of 5G technology, has led to a scarcity of the electromagnetic spectrum, causing conflicts between incumbent satellite sensors and 5G networks due to out-of-band emissions, which can corrupt sensitive measurements of atmospheric water and ice used for weather forecasting.
Innovation Solution
Dynamic Geographical Spectrum Sharing (DGSS) allows for the sharing of the electromagnetic spectrum by determining an instantaneous field of view (IFOV) and modifying transmission characteristics of network antennas within this IFOV, leveraging existing mechanisms in 4G and 5G networks to manage signal fading and congestion, thereby creating a time-dependent geographical guard band to mitigate interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If 5G networks use the electromagnetic spectrum for wireless broadband services, then network capacity and service availability are improved, but out-of-band emissions corrupt satellite sensor measurements of atmospheric water and ice
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic geographical spectrum sharing by determining the instantaneous field of view (IFOV) of satellite sensors in real-time and dynamically modifying transmission characteristics of network antennas based on their spatial relationship with the IFOV. This dynamic approach allows the system to adapt spectrum usage conditions continuously, enabling 5G networks to maintain high capacity while protecting satellite measurements through real-time spatial awareness and adaptive transmission control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating a time-dependent geographical guard band that varies spatially and temporally based on the IFOV of satellite sensors. Instead of applying uniform spectrum restrictions globally, the system implements localized transmission modifications only in specific geographical areas where satellite sensors are currently measuring, allowing 5G services to operate at full capacity in other regions while protecting sensitive measurement zones.
2Measurement precision
If frequency guard bands are implemented to protect satellite measurements, then measurement accuracy is improved, but spectrum efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces static frequency guard bands with a dynamic geographical guard band that is determined by the instantaneous field of view of satellite sensors. This dynamic guard band moves and changes shape in real-time as satellites scan the Earth, allowing spectrum to be efficiently allocated only where needed for protection while maximizing usable spectrum elsewhere, thus maintaining high spectrum efficiency without compromising measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from protecting satellite measurements in the frequency domain through fixed frequency guard bands to protecting them in the spatio-temporal domain through geographical guard bands based on IFOV. This dimensional shift allows the system to maintain measurement protection while dramatically improving spectrum efficiency by enabling 5G services to utilize spectrum that would otherwise be wasted in frequency guard bands.
3Reliability
If the electromagnetic spectrum is allocated exclusively to satellite sensors, then measurement reliability is improved, but wireless broadband service availability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic geographical spectrum sharing that allows the electromagnetic spectrum to be dynamically allocated between satellite sensors and 5G networks based on real-time spatial conditions. The system determines the IFOV of satellite sensors and modifies transmission characteristics of network antennas accordingly, enabling both services to operate simultaneously in a reliable manner while maximizing overall service availability through adaptive spectrum management.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameters of transmission characteristics of network antennas based on their spatial relationship with the instantaneous field of view of satellite sensors. By modifying transmission parameters such as power levels, beam directions, or frequency allocations in response to real-time spatial conditions, the system enables coexistence of satellite and 5G services while maintaining measurement reliability and service availability.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
Methods, apparatuses, computer-readable mediums for storing software, and systems for dynamic geographical spectrum sharing (DGSS) by Earth exploration satellite services (EESS) are described herein. Using DGSS mechanisms described herein, electromagnetic spectrum may be shared by sensors onboard Earth exploration satellites and wireless networks, such as 5G networks. The DGSS mechanisms may include mechanisms for determining an instantaneous field of view (IFOV) and mechanisms for modifying transmission characteristics while network antennas and power radiated by such antennas are within a window encompassing the IFOV. For example, when the IFOV of a satellite sensor for measuring atmospheric water includes a 5G antenna, the power of the 5G antenna may be reduced, the 5G antenna may be prevented from utilizing a segment of the electromagnetic spectrum, etc. The DGSS mechanisms may also determine actual out of band emissions for a specific pixel associated with the IFOV and improve pixel location determinations.