Dynamic Lithium-Ion Battery Charging Control via Anode Potential Monitoring

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge is to improve the charging speed of lithium-ion batteries while preventing lithium dendrite formation, which threatens safety due to the limitations of conventional constant current and constant voltage charging methods.

Innovation Solution

A method and apparatus that determine the anode open circuit voltage, impedance, and lithium deposition potential threshold to calculate a current charging current, preventing lithium deposition by maintaining the charging voltage below a cut-off point and adjusting the charging current based on these parameters, thereby enhancing safety and charging speed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If constant current charging is applied to the battery, then charging speed is improved, but lithium dendrites are deposited on the anode surface threatening safety

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging speedVSAvoidbattery safety
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static constant current charging to dynamic charging current adjustment. The charging current is continuously adjusted based on real-time anode potential monitoring, allowing the system to adapt to changing battery conditions and prevent lithium dendrite formation while maintaining high charging speeds

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback control by continuously monitoring the anode potential and using this information to adjust the charging current. When the anode potential approaches the lithium deposition threshold, the charging current is automatically reduced, creating a closed-loop control system that prevents safety issues while enabling fast charging

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If constant voltage charging is applied to the battery, then battery safety is maintained, but charging speed is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery safetyVSAvoidcharging speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces static constant voltage charging with dynamic voltage and current adjustment. By continuously monitoring anode potential and adjusting charging parameters in real-time, the system can operate at higher voltages and currents safely, dramatically improving charging speed while maintaining safety through active control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the charging parameters dynamically based on battery state. Instead of fixed voltage or current, the system adjusts both voltage and current according to real-time anode potential measurements, enabling the battery to be charged faster while preventing lithium deposition through parameter optimization

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively prevents lithium deposition, improving battery safety and significantly increasing charging speed compared to conventional methods by dynamically adjusting the charging current based on critical battery parameters.

Implementation Method 1

obtaining an anode impedance curve corresponding to a battery; determining a current anode impedance according to the anode impedance curve and the state of charge

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Impedance: Electrical Impedance Tomography

Data Source

PatentEP3261213B1Method and apparatus of battery charging
Publication Date: 2020.10.07 NINGDE AMPEREX TECHNOLOGY LTD
  • EP3261213B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3261213B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3261213B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Embodiments of the present application provide a method of battery charging, which relates to the field of battery charging and is capable of effectively improving safety performance of the battery. The method includes: obtaining an anode open circuit voltage curve, an anode impedance curve, a lithium deposition potential threshold and a state of charge, corresponding to a battery; determining a current anode open circuit voltage according to the anode open circuit voltage curve and the state of charge; determining a current anode impedance according to the anode impedance curve and the state of charge; determining a current charging current according to the current anode open circuit voltage, the current anode impedance and the lithium deposition potential threshold; and charging the battery according to the current charging current. Embodiments of the present application are applicable to a rapid battery charging process.