Dynamic Metasurface Optical Component with Liquid Crystal Phase Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional optical devices lack reconfigurability, limiting their ability to control optical properties and functionalities, particularly in holographic applications and beam shaping, where precise phase manipulation is required.

Innovation Solution

A planar metasurface with scattering structures made of dielectric materials and an active medium, allowing for switchable phase profile modulation through geometric and propagation phase components, enabled by spatially varying orientations and tunable refractive index, achieved using noble metals like gold and highly birefringent liquid crystals responsive to external stimuli.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional optical devices are used to manipulate light phase, then optical functionality is achieved, but reconfigurability is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical reconfigurabilityVSAvoiddevice structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the dynamics principle by integrating an active medium (liquid crystal layer) between the metasurface and top layer, enabling the optical component to dynamically change its phase profile modulation in response to external stimuli such as voltage changes, thereby achieving reconfigurability without fundamental structural changes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite materials by combining metasurface structures (metallic or dielectric patterns) with an active liquid crystal medium and dielectric layers, creating a hybrid structure that integrates the phase manipulation capability of metasurfaces with the tunable optical properties of liquid crystals

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Manufacturing precision

If metasurfaces are used for high-resolution phase control, then beam shaping precision is improved, but optical reconfigurability is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase profile control precisionVSAvoidoptical reconfigurability
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the metasurface system dynamic by adding the liquid crystal active medium that can change its refractive index in response to external stimuli, allowing the phase profile controlled by the metasurface to be reconfigured dynamically while maintaining high spatial resolution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes parameter changes by modifying the refractive index of the liquid crystal active medium through external stimuli (such as voltage), which changes the optical path difference and thereby reconfigures the phase profile modulation without altering the physical structure of the metasurface

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If liquid crystal is used for reconfigurability, then optical functionality switching is enabled, but response time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefunctional switching capabilityVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by using a thin-film transistor (TFT) matrix to provide local and independent control of liquid crystal regions, allowing selective addressing of specific pixels or areas, which reduces the overall response time by enabling parallel control rather than global switching

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables high-resolution, reconfigurable control of light phase profiles, allowing for interchangeable optical functionalities such as holographic patterns, beam steering, and focusing within milliseconds, with excellent reversibility under electrical control, suitable for advanced optical communication systems.

Implementation Method 1

a preferably switchable phase profile modulation is induced on the incident electromagnetic radiation during the reflection or transmission

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGeometric phase:

Implementation Method 2

switchable phase profile modulation is induced on the incident electromagnetic radiation during the reflection or transmission

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPropagation phase:

Implementation Method 3

an active medium is sandwiched between the metasurface and the top layer... highly birefringent liquid crystals responsive to external stimuli

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectro-optic effect: Electro-Optic Effects

Implementation Method 4

a dielectric material is deposited on a subset of the plurality of the scattering structures

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Implementation Method 5

highly birefringent liquid crystals responsive to external stimuli

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBirefringence: Birefringence

Data Source

PatentEP4066065B1Electrically-controlled dynamic optical component comprising a planar metasurface
Publication Date: 2024.11.06 MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
  • EP4066065B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4066065B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP4066065B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

An optical component comprising a planar metasurface arranged on a surface of a first substrate and a top layer arranged in a height direction Z above the metasurface, wherein the metasurface comprises a plurality of scattering structures, wherein a dielectric material is deposited on a subset of the plurality of scattering structures, wherein an active media is sandwiched between the metasurface and the top layer, wherein an incident electromagnetic radiation is transmitted or reflected by the optical component, wherein a phase profile modulation is induced on the incident electromagnetic radiation during the reflection or transmission.