Dynamic MOSFET Current Sensing for Flat Frequency Response

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing current sensing methods in switching power converters face challenges in providing accurate, fast, and clean current monitoring across a range of switching frequencies, leading to instability and noise interference, especially in multiphase converters.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a dynamic bias technique in the current sensing circuit that uses a dynamic bias voltage to track the AC component of the output voltage, combined with low and high pass filters, to reconstruct a flat frequency response for current sensing, overcoming limitations of DC bias and noise.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a current sensing circuit is used to monitor inductor current, then current detection capability is improved, but noise and delay increase leading to inconsistent gain

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent detection accuracyVSAvoidnoise and delay
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The bias voltage is made dynamic by adding an AC component that tracks the AC signal component of the output voltage. This dynamic biasing approach allows the circuit to adapt to varying operating conditions and frequency ranges, maintaining consistent gain while reducing noise and delay effects in the current sensing circuit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the bias voltage parameter by superimposing an AC component on the DC bias voltage. This parameter modification enables the current sensing circuit to maintain optimal performance across a range of switching frequencies, resolving the issue of inconsistent gain and reducing noise interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If the current sensing circuit operates over a range of switching frequencies, then versatility is improved, but gain consistency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency range operationVSAvoidgain consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

By making the bias voltage dynamic with an AC tracking component, the circuit adapts to different switching frequencies while maintaining stable gain characteristics. The AC component of the bias voltage follows the output voltage's AC signal, ensuring consistent performance across the frequency range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The bias circuit uses feedback from the output voltage to generate the AC component of the bias voltage. This feedback mechanism ensures that the bias voltage automatically adjusts to maintain gain consistency across different operating frequencies, improving both versatility and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Object-affected harmful factors

If a dynamic bias voltage with AC component is applied, then noise and delay are reduced, but circuit complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenoise and delayVSAvoidcircuit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The dynamic bias circuit serves multiple functions: it provides the necessary DC bias voltage for the current sensing circuit while simultaneously generating the AC tracking component to reduce noise and delay. This multi-functionality approach reduces the need for additional separate circuits, thereby limiting the increase in overall circuit complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The bias circuit acts as an intermediary between the output voltage and the current sensing circuit. By processing the output voltage through the bias circuit to generate the appropriate bias voltage, noise and delay are reduced without requiring direct modification of the current sensing circuit itself, thus managing complexity effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3982525B1Dynamic bias technique for enhanced mosfet on-resistance based current sensing
Publication Date: 2026.04.29 ANALOG DEVICES INC
  • EP3982525B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3982525B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3982525B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A switching converter circuit comprises an inductive circuit element; a driver switching circuit configured to provide energy to the inductive circuit element to generate an output voltage of the switching converter circuit, the output voltage having an alternating current (AC) signal component and a direct current (DC) signal component; a current sensing circuit configured to generate a current sense signal representative of inductor current of the inductive circuit element, wherein an output of the current sensing circuit is coupled to a bias circuit node; and a dynamic bias circuit configured to apply a dynamic bias voltage to the bias circuit node, wherein the dynamic bias voltage includes an AC component that tracks the AC signal component of the output voltage.