Dynamic Power Derating for Wireless EV Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wired charging solutions for electric vehicles are cumbersome and inefficient, necessitating the development of wireless charging systems that can efficiently transfer power to vehicles in motion while managing power delivery based on vehicle speed.
Innovation Solution
A wireless charging apparatus and method that includes a transmitter and receiver configured for mutual resonant frequency, with a controller to adjust power transfer based on vehicle speed, optimizing power delivery to maintain vehicle motion and battery charging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If wireless charging elements are designed for high power transfer capability, then power transfer efficiency is improved, but the system becomes prone to overheating and power losses when vehicle speed is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the power transfer capability of the wireless charging system adjustable based on vehicle speed. The controller dynamically modifies the resonant frequency and impedance of the wireless charging elements to match the vehicle's motion state, allowing the system to operate at optimal power levels for each speed condition rather than being fixed at high power capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters of the wireless charging system, specifically the resonant frequency and impedance, based on vehicle speed measurements. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system optimizes power transfer efficiency at each speed while preventing excessive power transfer that would cause overheating and power losses
2Power
If fixed high power is supplied to wireless charging elements, then charging capability is improved, but power losses increase at low vehicle speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by measuring vehicle speed and using this information to adjust the power supplied to the wireless charging elements. The controller continuously monitors speed and modifies power delivery accordingly, creating a closed-loop system that prevents energy losses by matching power supply to actual charging needs based on vehicle motion
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from fixed high power supply to dynamic power adjustment based on vehicle speed. The controller modifies power delivery in real-time according to the vehicle's motion state, ensuring high charging capability when needed while reducing power losses when vehicle speed is low
3Adaptability or versatility
If wireless charging system is designed for indefinite range, then vehicle viability is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves indefinite range capability by making the wireless charging system universally adaptable to various vehicle speeds and operating conditions. The same wireless charging infrastructure can serve vehicles at different speeds without requiring separate systems, as the controller dynamically adjusts parameters to match each operating condition
Solution Approach 2:
The system achieves versatility through parameter changes by adjusting resonant frequency and impedance based on vehicle speed. This allows a single wireless charging system to adapt to indefinite range requirements without increasing physical complexity, as the adaptation is achieved through controlled parameter modification rather than additional hardware
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient wireless power transfer to electric vehicles in motion, reducing power losses and overheating risks, and providing indefinite range by dynamically adjusting power according to vehicle speed, thus enhancing vehicle viability and reducing system costs.
Implementation Method 1
transmit circuitry coupled to the first wireless charging element and configured to supply power to the first wireless charging element to transmit a wireless charging field to a vehicle
Implementation Method 2
A wireless charging apparatus and method that includes a transmitter and receiver configured for mutual resonant frequency
Data Source
AI summary
Certain aspects of the present disclosure are generally directed to apparatus and techniques for apparatus for wireless charging. The apparatus generally includes a first wireless charging element, and transmit circuitry coupled to the first wireless charging element and configured to supply power to the first wireless charging element to transmit a wireless charging field to a vehicle. In certain aspects, the apparatus also includes a controller coupled to the transmit circuitry and configured to determine a charging condition indicative of a speed of the vehicle, and adjust the power supplied to the first wireless charging element via the transmit circuitry based on the determination.