Dynamic Random Access Mechanism Selection for 5G Terminals
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Solution Overview
Problem
The 5G NR communication system faces challenges with large control plane processing latency, high data plane collision probability, and low utilization rate of data resources due to the undefined configuration of two different random access mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
A random access method where a terminal receives configuration information from a base station regarding the type and time-frequency resources of either a first or second random access mechanism, allowing it to select or randomly determine the appropriate mechanism based on service requirements, thereby optimizing the random access process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the four-step random access mechanism is completely applied, then the protocol compatibility is maintained, but the control plane processing latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic random access mechanism selection, where the terminal can adaptively choose between four-step and two-step random access mechanisms based on service requirements. The base station configures different random access resources for different mechanisms, and the terminal selects the appropriate mechanism dynamically, making the system flexible rather than static.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of random access mechanism type from fixed to variable. By introducing configurable random access parameters (such as randomAccessConfig containing both four-step and two-step configurations), the system can adjust the random access procedure parameters according to different service scenarios, achieving low-latency URLLC services while maintaining legacy LTE compatibility.
2Loss of time
If the two-step random access mechanism is completely applied, then the control plane latency is reduced, but the data plane collision probability increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the random access resources by dividing them into different types: four-step random access resources and two-step random access resources. The base station configures separate resource pools for each mechanism, and the terminal selects appropriate resources based on the chosen mechanism. This segmentation isolates the collision risks of two-step random access from four-step random access, allowing each to operate in its optimized domain.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different random access mechanisms to different local scenarios or service types. URLLC services with low latency requirements use the two-step mechanism, while other services use the four-step mechanism. This localized application of different mechanisms optimizes performance for each specific use case without compromising overall system reliability.
3Loss of time
If the two-step random access mechanism is applied, then the control plane latency is reduced, but the data resource utilization rate decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal random access configuration that supports both four-step and two-step mechanisms. The base station configures comprehensive random access parameters that include resources for both mechanisms, making the system multi-functional. This allows the same configuration framework to serve different service requirements, optimizing both latency-critical and resource-efficiency-critical scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The terminal dynamically selects between four-step and two-step random access mechanisms based on service requirements such as latency sensitivity and data size. This dynamic selection ensures that resources are used efficiently: two-step for small, time-critical data, and four-step for other scenarios, thereby maximizing overall resource utilization while achieving low latency when needed.
Data Source
AI summary
A random access method and a terminal are provided. The random access method comprises: receiving random access mechanism configuration information sent by a base station, wherein the random access mechanism configuration information includes a random access type and random access time-frequency resource information corresponding to the random access type, and the random access type includes a first random access mechanism and/or a second random access mechanism; and performing a random access process of the first random access mechanism or the second random access mechanism according to the random access mechanism configuration information.