Dynamic Read Voltage Tuning for Memory Cell Accuracy

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Memory devices face challenges in maintaining accurate read operations due to variations in threshold voltage (Vth) of memory cells, which can lead to read errors, especially when transitioning between first and second read situations and are influenced by temperature changes.

Innovation Solution

The solution involves setting read voltages based on whether a first or second read situation exists, with adjustments according to temperature, including applying a dummy voltage and adjusting word line voltages to optimize read operations and reduce errors. This includes shifting read voltages for lower and higher programmed data states based on temperature coefficients and implementing a wait period for word line coupling to ensure accurate data retrieval.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If read voltage is adjusted to compensate for threshold voltage variations, then read accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread accuracyVSAvoidcontrol circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The memory device automatically detects the read situation (first or second) and self-adjusts the read voltage accordingly, without requiring external intervention or complex control circuits. The system uses internal timing information and voltage detection to autonomously select appropriate read voltage levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the read voltage parameter dynamically based on the detected read situation and temperature conditions. Different read voltage levels are applied for first read situations versus second read situations, with additional temperature-based adjustments, thereby optimizing read accuracy without requiring complex control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If temperature compensation is applied to read voltage, then read accuracy is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread accuracyVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The read voltage is dynamically adjusted based on real-time temperature detection and read situation identification. The system transitions between different voltage levels and temperature compensation strategies depending on operating conditions, optimizing the balance between accuracy and power consumption rather than applying constant compensation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements temperature-based parameter changes in the read voltage according to the detected read situation. When in a first read situation, temperature compensation is applied with specific voltage adjustments, while second read situations use different compensation strategies, thereby reducing unnecessary power consumption while maintaining accuracy when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Stability of the object's composition

If word line coupling is performed to maintain voltage levels, then read operation stability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveword line voltage stabilityVSAvoidcontrol circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The word line coupling mechanism operates autonomously based on detected read situations, with the control circuit automatically determining when coupling is necessary. The system self-regulates voltage levels without requiring complex external control, using internal timing and voltage detection to manage coupling operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The control circuit performs preliminary detection of the read situation before executing read operations. By identifying whether it is a first or second read situation in advance, the system prepares appropriate voltage levels and coupling strategies beforehand, simplifying the overall control process while ensuring voltage stability during actual read operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3420559B1Dynamic tuning of first read countermeasures
Publication Date: 2020.07.01 SANDISK TECHNOLOGIES LLC
  • EP3420559B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3420559B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3420559B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3

AI summary

Techniques are provided for improving the accuracy of read operations of memory cells, where the threshold voltage (Vth) of a memory cell can shift depending on when the read operation occurs. Countermeasures are provided for a first read situation in which a memory is read after a power on event or after a long delay since a last read. Read voltages of lower or higher programmed data states are set according to a positive or negative temperature coefficient (Tco), respectively. Read voltages for error recovery can be set similarly. In another aspect, a wait period between a dummy voltage and a read voltage is a function of temperature. In another aspect, word line voltages of unselected blocks are set according to a negative Tco. In another aspect, pass voltages are set based on a Tco for each programmed data state.