Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in 4G and 5G Networks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Legacy 4G devices are not compatible with 5G radio access technologies, leading to reduced resource availability for 5G devices, as a portion of frequency resources must be dedicated to 4G devices, limiting the resources available for 5G devices and causing inefficiencies in wireless networks.
Innovation Solution
Dynamic frequency allocation based on device capabilities, where frequency resources are allocated to 4G or 5G base stations based on the number of 4G and 5G user equipment (UEs) capable of using them, ensuring that 5G devices receive sufficient resources by reallocating frequencies from 4G devices when congestion levels allow, and prioritizing 5G resources in high-demand situations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If frequency resources are dedicated to 4G devices for compatibility, then 4G device service is ensured, but resource availability for 5G devices is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic frequency resource allocation where the base station continuously monitors the number of connected 4G and 5G devices and adjusts frequency resource distribution in real-time. When 5G devices are connected, the base station dynamically allocates more frequency resources to 5G radio access technology, and when only 4G devices are present, it allocates resources to 4G, thereby resolving the contradiction between ensuring 4G compatibility and providing resources for 5G devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station changes the allocation parameter of frequency resources based on the types of connected devices. By detecting whether 4G or 5G devices are connected and adjusting the frequency resource allocation ratio accordingly, the system optimizes resource distribution to satisfy both 4G compatibility requirements and 5G resource needs without fixed dedication.
2Device complexity
If a fixed set of frequency resources is programmed for base stations, then network simplicity is maintained, but network capacity and efficiency are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The base station autonomously monitors the types of user devices connected and automatically adjusts frequency resource allocation without external intervention. The system performs self-detection of device types (4G or 5G) and self-adjustment of resource distribution, thereby maintaining operational simplicity while dynamically optimizing network capacity and efficiency based on actual usage conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station implements a feedback mechanism where it continuously detects the types of connected devices and uses this information to adjust frequency resource allocation. This closed-loop control allows the system to adapt to changing network conditions in real-time, improving network capacity and efficiency while maintaining simple automated operation without complex manual configuration.
Data Source
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AI summary
Techniques for dynamically allocating frequency resources in accordance with wireless access technologies are discussed herein. For example, a base station can determine whether user equipment (UE) requesting communications at the base station are configured to operate in accordance with 4th Generation (5G) radio access technologies and/or in accordance with 5th Generation (5G) radio access technologies. Based on the number of 5G UEs and 4G UEs, a first portion of a frequency resource can be allocated to 5G and a second portion of the frequency resource can be allocated to 4G. In some examples, a first allocation strategy for a first frequency resource (e.g., Band 71) can be used to generate a second allocation strategy for a partially overlapping second frequency resource (e.g., Band 41).