Dynamic Time-Frequency Resource Allocation for 5G Service Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current 4G and 4.5G mobile communication technologies face challenges in flexible resource allocation due to fixed frame structures and granularities, leading to high uplink scheduling latency and HARQ feedback latency, which cannot meet the diverse requirements of emerging 5G services such as eMBB, mMTC, and URLLC.
Innovation Solution
A communication resource allocation method that determines service-type-specific time-frequency resource granularities and frequency domain resource ranges, allowing for flexible adjustment of subcarrier spacing and transmission time intervals based on service types, and transmits this information to terminals via RRC and DCI signaling for dynamic resource allocation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If fixed frame structures and granularities are used in 4G/LTE systems, then system complexity is reduced and compatibility is maintained, but resource allocation flexibility deteriorates and scheduling latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic frame structures where the frame configuration can be adjusted based on service requirements. Different subcarrier spacings (15kHz for LTE, 30kHz for eMBB, 60kHz for URLLC) and transmission time intervals can be dynamically selected to match the specific needs of each service type, transforming the static frame structure into a flexible, adaptive system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes key parameters such as subcarrier spacing, cyclic prefix length, and transmission time interval based on service type. By modifying these parameters, the system can accommodate different service requirements (eMBB, mMTC, URLLC) while maintaining a unified frame structure framework, thus improving flexibility without proportionally increasing complexity.
2Loss of time
If 1ms subframe scheduling granularity is used in FDD and TDD frame structures, then scheduling simplicity is maintained, but uplink scheduling latency and HARQ feedback latency increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the 1ms subframe into smaller time units called slots and mini-slots, allowing scheduling at finer granularities. This segmentation enables the system to reduce scheduling latency by allocating resources more frequently without requiring complete subframe restructuring, thus maintaining operational simplicity while improving time responsiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces downlink grant-free uplink transmission mechanisms where pre-configured resources are allocated in advance. This preliminary action eliminates the need for frequent scheduling requests and acknowledgments, reducing uplink scheduling latency and HARQ feedback latency while maintaining simple scheduling operations through pre-planned resource allocation.
3Length of stationary object
If carrier aggregation is used to support wider bandwidth, then bandwidth requirement is satisfied, but system complexity and resource management overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal frame structure that can accommodate both narrowband (180kHz for NB-IoT) and wideband (100MHz for eMBB) services through parameter configuration rather than structural modification. This multi-functionality allows a single system framework to handle diverse bandwidth requirements without requiring separate specialized structures for each service type.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent addresses bandwidth requirements by introducing frequency domain resource allocation at multiple levels: individual resource blocks, resource block groups, and carrier-level aggregation. This dimensional approach to resource management simplifies the handling of wide bandwidths by organizing resources hierarchically, reducing management complexity compared to flat resource allocation schemes.
4Speed
If 4ms time interval between UL grant transmission and uplink data transmission is used, then scheduling stability is maintained, but scheduling latency and response time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic scheduling opportunities at multiple time scales: slot-level periodicity for frequent small data transmissions, and subframe-level periodicity for stable continuous transmissions. This multi-scale periodic action allows the system to maintain stability through regular scheduling patterns while improving response speed by providing more frequent scheduling opportunities when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enhances the feedback mechanism by introducing HARQ-ACK feedback at slot boundaries and implementing grant-free uplink transmission with implicit feedback. This refined feedback system maintains scheduling stability through reliable acknowledgment while reducing latency by providing feedback more frequently and enabling autonomous uplink transmissions without waiting for explicit grants.
Data Source
AI summary
A communication resource allocation method, an allocation device, a base station and a terminal are provided. The communication resource allocation method includes: determining a service type of a current service when a service bearer is established; determining granularity information of time-frequency resource and a frequency domain resource range corresponding to the service type according to the service type of the current service; and transmitting the granularity information of the time-frequency resource and the frequency domain resource range corresponding to the service type to a terminal that requests to establish the service bearer. The technical solution of the present disclosure can flexibly adjust the granularities of the time-frequency resource and the frequency domain resource range correspondingly according to different types of services, and realize that the resource scheduling can flexibly adapt to different types of services, thereby facilitating the improvement of resource utilization ratio.