Dynamic Transport Connection Multiplicity for Throughput Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
The increasing demand for online content delivery over long distances, particularly with secure protocols like HTTPS, faces challenges such as packet losses and decreased throughput due to the need for guaranteed-delivery protocols like TCP, which interpret losses as congestion, even when resources are not saturated, limiting the effectiveness of simultaneous connections for large data transfers.
Innovation Solution
Establishing multiple simultaneous transport connections between computers, dynamically adjusting the number of connections based on estimated data size, control window sizes, and network conditions to optimize data transfer, allowing for increased throughput without overwhelming server and client resources.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple simultaneous transport connections are established for data transfer over long distances, then aggregated throughput increases, but packet losses increase leading to decreased effective throughput due to TCP congestion interpretation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of the number of simultaneous transport connections based on real-time network conditions. The system monitors packet loss rates and dynamically scales the number of connections upward when network conditions are good and downward when packet loss increases, thereby adapting to changing network states to maintain optimal throughput while avoiding congestion-induced throughput degradation
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the parameter of connection multiplicity based on network conditions. By adjusting the number of simultaneous connections as a variable parameter rather than a fixed value, the system can optimize throughput in response to changing packet loss rates and network congestion levels, resolving the contradiction between maximizing throughput and maintaining reliable delivery
2Productivity
If the number of simultaneous transport connections is increased to improve data transfer speed, then aggregated throughput increases, but server and client resources become overstrained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic resource allocation by adjusting the number of simultaneous connections based on available server and client resources. The system monitors resource utilization metrics and dynamically scales connection multiplicity to match available capacity, ensuring high data transfer speeds are achieved without overwhelming server or client resources
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback mechanisms that monitor both network conditions and resource utilization levels. Based on this feedback, the number of simultaneous connections is automatically adjusted to maintain optimal performance while preventing resource exhaustion on servers or clients, thereby resolving the contradiction between speed and resource strain
3Reliability
If guaranteed-delivery protocol TCP is used to ensure reliable data transmission, then data delivery reliability is improved, but throughput decreases due to congestion interpretation of packet losses
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts the number of simultaneous TCP connections based on observed packet loss rates and network conditions. When packet loss is low, more connections are used to maximize throughput while maintaining reliability. When packet loss increases, the system reduces the number of connections to prevent congestion, thereby dynamically balancing reliability and throughput based on real-time network state
Data Source
AI summary
A client and content provider are connected by a plurality of simultaneous transport connections. The number of the transport connections that are used to transfer data is selected based on the size of the data to be transferred and may change after transfer of data has commenced based on the amount of data left and the attributes of the transport connections. In another aspect, data to be transmitted over the transport connections is organized into frames such that each frame includes data from only one data stream. The frames are sized to be less than or equal to a control window of the transport connection over which they are transmitted. Each frame may be assigned to a transport connection in a round robin fashion or based on the size of the frame and the sizes of the control windows of the transport connections.