Dynamic Unauthorized Activity Detection Using Machine Learning

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional systems for detecting unauthorized activity in check cashing and reconciliation are inefficient and do not account for customer-specific data characteristics, relying on static comparisons that fail to accurately identify potential unauthorized transactions.

Innovation Solution

A dynamic system using machine learning to analyze historical check data, generate client-specific and common issue rules, and evaluate check data, including image data, to quickly and accurately identify potential unauthorized activity by distinguishing between common issues and actual unauthorized transactions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional static systems use conventional data comparisons to detect unauthorized activity, then the system structure is simple, but the detection accuracy and efficiency are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional mechanical data comparison methods with machine learning-based intelligent analysis. The system uses trained machine learning models to automatically analyze check data, images, and metadata, substituting simple static comparison rules with dynamic adaptive algorithms that learn from historical data to improve detection accuracy while maintaining operational efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts evaluation parameters and thresholds based on learned patterns from historical data. Instead of using fixed comparison criteria, the machine learning models adapt parameters such as anomaly detection thresholds, risk scoring weights, and evaluation criteria based on the specific characteristics of different customers and transaction types, enabling accurate detection without requiring overly complex manual configuration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If conventional systems use static data comparisons, then the ease of operation is maintained, but the productivity and efficiency of unauthorized activity detection are low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection efficiencyVSAvoidoperational simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The machine learning system performs self-training and self-optimization using historical check data. The models automatically learn from past authorized and unauthorized transactions, continuously improving their detection capabilities without requiring manual intervention for each new transaction type. This self-service approach enables high productivity while maintaining ease of operation, as the system adapts autonomously to new patterns

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary training and pattern recognition on historical data before actual unauthorized activity detection begins. By pre-training machine learning models on extensive historical check data, the system establishes baseline behaviors and anomaly patterns in advance, enabling rapid and efficient real-time detection without requiring complex operational procedures during actual transactions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If conventional systems do not account for customer-specific data characteristics, then the device complexity is reduced, but the reliability of unauthorized activity detection deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements customer-specific machine learning models tailored to each organization's unique check characteristics, data formats, and transaction patterns. Instead of using a single generic detection system, the solution creates localized models that understand each customer's specific authorized activity patterns, thereby improving reliability without requiring excessive overall system complexity through modular model deployment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system segments the unauthorized activity detection function into separate machine learning models for different customers and transaction types. Each segment handles specific customer data characteristics independently, allowing the system to maintain high reliability for each segment while managing overall complexity through modular architecture that can be deployed and updated independently

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Measurement precision

If manual review is used for potential unauthorized activity, then the measurement precision is improved, but the loss of time and reduced productivity occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereview accuracyVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements feedback loops where machine learning models are continuously trained on outcomes from both automated detections and manual reviews. When manual reviewers confirm or correct automated decisions, this feedback is fed back into the training data, allowing the models to learn from human expertise and progressively reduce the need for manual review while maintaining or improving accuracy over time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial manual review only to cases where machine learning models identify high-probability unauthorized activity or uncertain borderline cases. Instead of requiring manual review for all potential anomalies, the automated ML system handles the majority of cases, applying human review selectively to maintain high precision while minimizing time loss through prioritized processing of only the most suspicious transactions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentUS12002018B2Dynamic unauthorized activity detection
Publication Date: 2024.06.04 BANK OF AMERICA CORP
  • US12002018B2 patent drawing
  • US12002018B2 patent drawing
  • US12002018B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Systems for dynamic unauthorized activity detection are provided. In some arrangements, issue data may be received from, for instance, a customer of an enterprise organization. The issue data may include a data file containing metadata associated with a plurality of checks written or issued by the customer. As those checks are cashed, the checks may be evaluated for potential unauthorized activity. Accordingly, check data and/or check image data may be received by the enterprise organization. The check and/or check image data, as well as the metadata, may be analyzed using machine learning to determine whether unauthorized or potential unauthorized activity has occurred. Based on the determination, one or more actions may be identified and executed.