Dynamic Voltage Charging for Lithium-Ion Battery Life Extension
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) face limited lifespan due to degradation, with current charging protocols failing to address battery aging effectively, leading to premature replacement and increased costs, as they are not optimized to minimize degradation and extend cycle life.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system (BMS) that dynamically adjusts charging voltages based on the battery's capacity, using a first voltage when the capacity is above a threshold and a second voltage when it's below, with the ability to update and store these values for subsequent charging cycles, optimizing the charging protocol to extend battery life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a standard charging protocol is used to charge the battery, then the charging speed is maintained, but the battery lifespan is reduced due to degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The charging protocol dynamically adjusts the charging voltage based on the battery's current capacity relative to its original rated capacity. As the battery degrades and capacity decreases, the system automatically modifies charging parameters to reduce stress on the battery, thereby extending lifespan while maintaining acceptable charging speed
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the charging voltage parameter based on the battery's state of health. When the current capacity falls below a threshold percentage of the original rated capacity, the charging voltage is adjusted from a first voltage to a second voltage, optimizing the balance between charging speed and battery durability
2Loss of time
If the charging voltage is increased to charge faster, then the charging time is reduced, but the battery degradation accelerates
Solution Approach 1:
The system takes preliminary action by detecting the battery's current capacity before charging begins and preemptively adjusting the charging voltage to prevent excessive degradation. This anti-action approach counteracts the harmful effects of high-voltage charging on aging batteries before the charging process starts
Solution Approach 2:
The charging voltage parameter is changed based on the battery's capacity threshold. For batteries with current capacity below the threshold percentage of original rated capacity, a modified voltage (second voltage) is applied to reduce degradation while still providing charging service
Data Source
AI summary
A battery management system and method to control charging of a battery is provided. The system determines whether a current capacity of the battery is greater than a predetermined threshold percentage of an original rated capacity of the battery, in response to initiation of a charging cycle of the battery being detected, controls the battery to be charged with a first voltage, in response to the current capacity of the battery being determined to be greater than the predetermined threshold percentage of the original rated capacity of the battery, and controls the battery to be charged with a second voltage, in response to the current capacity of the battery being determined to be less than or equal to the predetermined threshold percentage of the original rated capacity of the battery.