Dynamic Voltage Divider Circuit for 5V-48V Detection Range

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional voltage detection devices, particularly overvoltage protection ICs, are limited in supporting voltage ranges above 20 volts, requiring external voltage dividers which compromise low voltage charging functionality and fail to effectively manage voltage ranges up to 48 volts.

Innovation Solution

A voltage detection device comprising a first and second voltage divider circuit and a comparison circuit that dynamically adjusts the input voltage to comparison voltage ratio by forming a parallel structure when the input voltage exceeds a predetermined value, allowing the system to support a voltage range of 5 volts to 48 volts without triggering overvoltage protection within the supportable range.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If an external voltage divider circuit is connected to extend the voltage detection range to high voltage points, then the high voltage range (above 20V) can be supported, but the low voltage charging function is sacrificed due to the minimum operating voltage limitation of the overvoltage protection IC

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvevoltage range supportVSAvoidlow voltage charging function

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic voltage divider configuration where the first and second voltage divider circuits can be selectively connected or disconnected based on the detected voltage level. When voltage exceeds a threshold, the circuits switch between series and parallel configurations, dynamically adjusting the voltage division ratio to maintain proper operation across both low voltage (5V) and high voltage (48V) ranges.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The voltage detection system is segmented into multiple independent voltage divider circuits (first and second voltage divider circuits) that can operate independently or in combination. Each circuit is designed with specific resistance values to handle different voltage ranges, allowing the system to cover the full 5V-48V range by selecting appropriate circuit segments based on operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If a voltage divider circuit is used to support high voltage points, then the voltage range can be extended, but the system cannot effectively support the full voltage range of 5 volts to 48 volts due to IC limitations

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvevoltage range supportVSAvoidovervoltage protection accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a control circuit as an intermediary that monitors the input voltage and dynamically switches between different voltage divider configurations. This control mechanism ensures that the appropriate voltage division ratio is applied at each voltage level, maintaining accurate overvoltage protection detection across the entire 5V-48V range while accounting for the IC's minimum operating voltage constraints.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the resistance parameters of the voltage divider circuits dynamically based on the detected voltage level. By switching between series and parallel connections of resistors with specific values, the voltage division ratio is adjusted to ensure that the voltage presented to the overvoltage protection IC remains within its valid operating range regardless of whether the input is 5V or 48V.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If the built-in overvoltage protection mechanism of the charger IC is used, then the protection function is integrated, but the adjustable protection point and response speed are limited by the IC specifications

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveintegration levelVSAvoidprotection point adjustability

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic voltage divider configuration where the first and second voltage divider circuits can be selectively connected or disconnected based on the detected voltage level. When voltage exceeds a threshold, the circuits switch between series and parallel configurations, dynamically adjusting the voltage division ratio to maintain proper operation across both low voltage (5V) and high voltage (48V) ranges.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The voltage detection system is segmented into multiple independent voltage divider circuits (first and second voltage divider circuits) that can operate independently or in combination. Each circuit is designed with specific resistance values to handle different voltage ranges, allowing the system to cover the full 5V-48V range by selecting appropriate circuit segments based on operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentUS12174222B2Voltage detection device

Publication Date: 2024.12.24 ASUSTEK COMPUTER INC

AI summary

A voltage detection device is provided. The voltage detection device includes a first voltage divider circuit, a comparison circuit, and a second voltage divider circuit. The first voltage divider circuit is configured to receive an input voltage and output a comparison voltage according to the input voltage. The comparison circuit is configured to receive the comparison voltage to compare the comparison voltage with a reference voltage and determine whether to change a trigger signal according to a comparison result. The second voltage divider circuit is configured to receive the input voltage. When the input voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage value, the second voltage divider circuit and the first voltage dividing circuit form a parallel structure to pull down the comparison voltage.