Dynamic Microprocessor Voltage Regulation via VID Signals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional microprocessor power supply voltages remain constant post-fabrication, leading to unnecessary high power consumption due to worst-case scenario assumptions, as they do not adapt to the microprocessor's changing conditions over time and usage.
Innovation Solution
A method to dynamically determine and set the power supply voltage based on the microprocessor's state, including performance, cumulative operating time, temperature, and impedance, using determination programs and oscillation frequency measurements to optimize voltage settings.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a predetermined power supply voltage stabilized by a voltage regulator circuit is supplied to a microprocessor, then the microprocessor can operate reliably under worst-case conditions, but the power consumption increases due to unnecessary voltage margins
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic voltage adjustment by allowing the microprocessor to communicate its actual voltage requirements to the regulator circuit through VID signal changes. Instead of maintaining a fixed voltage, the system continuously adapts the power supply voltage based on the microprocessor's current operating state, eliminating unnecessary voltage margins while ensuring reliable operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent establishes a feedback mechanism where the microprocessor monitors its own operating conditions and communicates voltage requirements back to the regulator circuit via VID signals. This closed-loop control allows the system to adjust the power supply voltage in response to actual operating conditions, optimizing the balance between reliability and power consumption.
2Device complexity
If a fixed power supply voltage is set at fabrication time, then the system configuration is simple, but the power supply voltage cannot be optimized after shipment regardless of usage conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the microprocessor to self-determine its voltage requirements and communicate them to the regulator circuit. The microprocessor autonomously monitors its operating state and adjusts the power supply voltage without requiring external intervention or complex external control circuitry, achieving adaptability while maintaining system simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the existing VID signal line, originally designed for factory programming, to serve a dual purpose: initial voltage setting during fabrication and continuous voltage optimization during operation. This multi-functional use of the signal line enables post-shipment voltage adaptation without adding dedicated new communication channels or increasing system complexity.
3Duration of action of stationary object
If a higher power supply voltage is supplied to account for deterioration with time, then the microprocessor can maintain performance over its lifetime, but the power consumption remains high throughout operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic voltage adjustment by allowing the microprocessor to communicate its actual voltage requirements to the regulator circuit through VID signal changes. Instead of maintaining a fixed voltage, the system continuously adapts the power supply voltage based on the microprocessor's current operating state, eliminating unnecessary voltage margins while ensuring reliable operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic voltage optimization where the microprocessor determines its voltage requirements at scheduled intervals (such as at startup or at predetermined time intervals) and updates the regulator circuit accordingly. This periodic adjustment ensures the voltage is optimized for current conditions without requiring continuous monitoring, balancing power savings with operational reliability over the device's lifetime.
Data Source
AI summary
A determining unit determines the state of the microprocessor. A setting unit sets a power supply voltage to be supplied to the microprocessor according to the state of the microprocessor determined by the determining unit. A power supply circuit supplies the power supply voltage set by the setting unit, to the microprocessor via a power supply line. The determining unit determines repeatedly the state of the microprocessor at preset timing, and the setting unit resets the power supply voltage every time the determination is performed by the determining unit.