Single-Channel Ear Canal Brainwave Authentication via Imagined Speech
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing brainwave-based personal authentication methods using resting state brainwaves suffer from reduced user recognition performance due to unclear pattern differences between users, and require multiple channels for accurate measurement, which is inconvenient and time-consuming.
Innovation Solution
A user authentication method and apparatus that extracts and classifies characteristics of brainwave signals generated during imagined speech, using a single channel brainwave measurement device positioned around the user's ear, and employs deep learning to analyze time-frequency characteristics for accurate user matching.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple channels are used for brainwave measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and time consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential information needed for authentication from the brainwave signal by using a single channel positioned at the ear region, where the ear canal naturally guides brainwave signals. This selective extraction approach maintains measurement precision for authentication purposes while eliminating the complexity of multiple channel setups.
Solution Approach 2:
The ear canal serves as an intermediary medium that naturally guides and amplifies brainwave signals from the brain to the measurement device. By positioning the single channel within the ear canal, the system leverages this natural intermediary to achieve clear signal acquisition without requiring multiple external channels.
2Ease of operation
If resting state brainwaves are used for authentication, then ease of operation is improved, but recognition performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the operational parameter from resting state to imagined speech state, which produces brainwave patterns with more distinct user-specific characteristics. This parameter change enhances the distinguishability of user patterns while maintaining operational simplicity through the use of imagined speech rather than complex tasks.
Solution Approach 2:
The authentication process is segmented into two clear phases: registration phase where user-specific imagined speech patterns are captured and stored, and authentication phase where new patterns are compared against stored ones. This segmentation makes the complex authentication process manageable and operationally simple while maintaining high recognition accuracy.
3Ease of operation
If a single channel is used for brainwave measurement, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The ear canal acts as a natural intermediary that guides and concentrates brainwave signals toward the single measurement channel positioned within it. This intermediary structure enables a single channel to achieve measurement precision comparable to multiple channels by leveraging the ear canal's natural signal-guiding properties.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of distributing measurement channels across multiple locations on the scalp, the patent concentrates the single channel at a specific location within the ear canal where it optimally captures imagined speech-related brainwave activity. This localized measurement approach maintains precision for the specific authentication task while maximizing convenience.
Data Source
AI summary
One embodiment of the user authentication method using brainwave signal according to imagined speech includes extracting and storing characteristic information of a first brainwave signal generated by an imagined speech of a first user based on preset imagined speech induction information provided to the first user by the user authentication apparatus, and determining whether a second user matches the first user by extracting characteristic information of a second brainwave signal generated by an imagined speech of the second user, based on preset imagined speech induction information provided to the second user, comparing the characteristic information of the first brainwave signal with the characteristic information of the second brainwave signal stored according to the extracting and storing, and analyzing a result of the comparing by the user authentication apparatus.