Earthing Switch Worm Wheel Freewheel for Precise End Positioning

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing disconnector or earthing switches lack a secure and easy operation mechanism, particularly for high-voltage applications, which can lead to unsafe handling and inefficient operation.

Innovation Solution

A high-voltage disconnector or earthing switch utilizing a rotatable drive shaft with a worm and a partially toothed worm wheel, allowing for axial movement between connected and disconnected positions, and a re-engagement device for precise torque transmission and freewheel function, providing audible feedback and safeguarding against excessive operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Extent of automation

If a motorized drive is used to operate the disconnector or earthing switch, then automation and productivity are improved, but the device requires end switches and complex control mechanisms to delimit traverse

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemotorized operationVSAvoidend switches and control mechanisms
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The worm wheel mechanism provides automatic end-position detection and motor reversal without external end switches. The motor is directly connected to the worm wheel, and when the switching tubes reach their end positions, the worm wheel teeth disengage from the worm, automatically triggering the motor to reverse direction through the control unit. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for separate end switch devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The worm wheel serves multiple functions simultaneously: it transmits torque from the motor to the switching tubes, provides mechanical advantage for operation, and acts as an end-position sensor that triggers motor reversal. This multi-functionality consolidates what would otherwise require separate components (torque transmission mechanism and end-position detection system) into a single integrated element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Device complexity

If manual operation is used to define end positions, then device complexity is reduced, but operation security and precision are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperation mechanismVSAvoidend position definition
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The worm wheel teeth provide mechanical feedback to the control unit when they disengage from the worm at end positions. This feedback signal automatically triggers the motor to reverse direction, ensuring precise and reliable end-position definition without requiring complex manual intervention or additional sensing mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Ease of operation

If a conventional freewheel mechanism is used, then ease of operation is improved, but the mechanism is influenced by environmental factors and lubricant aging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefreewheel functionVSAvoidfreewheel mechanism stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the conventional friction-based freewheel mechanism with a positive engagement system using worm and worm wheel teeth. This mechanical substitution eliminates reliance on friction and lubricants, providing a more reliable and environmentally stable operation that is not affected by temperature, humidity, or lubricant degradation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Force

If the worm wheel is fully toothed for continuous engagement, then torque transmission is improved, but the ability to provide end-position feedback and allow motor reversal is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque transmissionVSAvoidend-position detection and motor reversal
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The worm wheel is segmented into two functional zones: a toothed portion for torque transmission during normal operation and a toothless portion at the end positions for disengagement and feedback. This segmentation allows the same component to perform both torque transmission and end-position detection functions without requiring separate mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enables secure, efficient, and precise operation of high-voltage disconnector or earthing switches, ensuring safe handling and preventing excessive operation, while maintaining mechanical decoupling and reducing environmental and aging influences on the freewheel mechanism.

Implementation Method 1

a rotatable drive shaft (4) comprising a worm (7) and configured for operating the earthing switch and the three respective switching tubes (3)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectWorm drive: Worm Drive

Implementation Method 2

a partially toothed worm wheel (5) configured for translating a rotation of the worm (7) into the axial movement of the three switching tubes (3) between the connected position and the disconnected position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical advantage: Mechanical Advantage

Data Source

PatentEP4386799A1Disconnector or earthing switch
Publication Date: 2024.06.19 HITACHI ENERGY LTD
  • EP4386799A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4386799A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4386799A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to a disconnector or earthing switch (1) for connecting three conductors (2) of different phases to a respective switching tube (3), comprising a rotatable drive shaft (4) comprising a worm (7) and configured for operating the disconnector or earthing switch (1), the three respective switching tubes (3), which are arranged axially together movable between a connected position configured for connecting the three conductors (2) and a disconnected position configured for not connecting the three conductors (2), a partially toothed worm wheel (5) configured for translating a rotation of the worm (7) into the axial movement of the three switching tubes (3) between the connected position and the disconnected position, whereby the partially toothed worm wheel (5) is unengaged with the worm (7) in the connected position and the disconnected position, and a re-engagement device (6) configured for again engaging the partially toothed worm wheel (5) with the worm (7) in the connected position and the disconnected position.