Reconfigurable Electrical Balance Duplexer for Low-Loss FDD/TDD Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional transceivers face challenges in achieving sufficient isolation between transmitter and receiver paths to prevent signal interference, especially when operating on the same or close frequency bands, leading to insertion loss and increased hardware costs due to the use of multiple frequency-selective filters.
Innovation Solution
A power amplifier duplexer utilizing an electrical balance duplexer (EBD) is employed to provide isolation between transmitter and receiver paths, allowing for operation in both Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes, with reconfigurable switches and tunable matching network blocks to minimize insertion loss and optimize impedance matching across frequency bands.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple frequency-selective filters are used to provide isolation between transmitter and receiver paths, then signal isolation is improved, but device complexity and hardware costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple frequency-selective filters into a single electrical balance duplexer (EBD) structure. The EBD integrates the filtering functions for both transmitter and receiver paths into one unified device, reducing the total number of components while maintaining the necessary signal isolation between TX and RX paths.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical balance duplexer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides frequency selection, signal isolation, and impedance matching for both transmitter and receiver operations. This multi-functional design replaces what would traditionally require separate filters and isolation components.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional duplexers are used to support both FDD and TDD modes, then adaptability is improved, but insertion loss increases due to fixed configuration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a reconfigurable electrical balance duplexer that can dynamically change its configuration between FDD and TDD modes. Switches within the EBD structure can be repositioned to adapt the filtering characteristics and signal paths according to the operating mode, optimizing performance for each mode while minimizing insertion loss.
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, methods, and devices for operating in either frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) for wireless communications using the same electrical balance duplexer (EBD) circuitry in a transceiver device are provided. A series of switches may selectively couple components of the EBD, such as a low noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier (PA), and balancing impedance, to ground based on selected operation mode (e.g., FDD or TDD) while reducing insertion loss of the receiver (RX) and transmitter (TX) signals. Tuned matching network blocks for the LNA and PA may be used in addition to the series of switches to provide impedance matching for additional reduction of insertion loss.