Electric Bicycle Kick-Back Reduction via Anti-Phase Motor Control

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Electric bicycles with rear suspension experience an uncomfortable kick-back effect due to oscillating chain tension, leading to energy loss and variable propulsion, which existing designs like sprung rear structures and multi-pivot triangles fail to completely mitigate.

Innovation Solution

An anti-phase control method using an evaluation unit to regulate the motor force relative to the pedal force, generating a chain force with reduced periodic fluctuations, and dynamically adjusting the damper's hardness to maintain a constant chain force, thereby minimizing the kick-back effect.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If rear suspension with damper is added to improve driving characteristics on undulating ground, then riding comfort is improved, but kick-back effect occurs causing energy loss and uncomfortable pedaling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveriding comfortVSAvoidenergy loss due to kick-back
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit continuously monitors pedal force and motor force, and dynamically adjusts the motor force to counteract chain force fluctuations. This closed-loop feedback system detects the kick-back effect and applies compensating forces in real-time, resolving the energy loss problem while maintaining suspension benefits

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes the motor force parameter based on pedal phase and force magnitude. By varying motor torque in antiphase to pedal force oscillations, the system eliminates chain force fluctuations and prevents kick-back effect while maintaining continuous pedaling comfort

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If pivot point is placed along catenary to reduce leverage caused by chain tension, then kick-back effect is reduced, but variability of chain line in different gears prevents complete elimination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy loss from chain tension oscillationVSAvoidgear variability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit receives feedback about current gear position and chain line configuration, and dynamically adjusts motor force compensation accordingly. This allows the system to maintain effective kick-back reduction across all gear ratios and chain line positions without mechanical redesign

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of a fixed mechanical pivot point configuration, the system uses dynamic motor force adjustment that adapts to changing gear and chain line conditions. The motor torque is continuously varied to counteract kick-back effect regardless of mechanical configuration, providing gear-independent solution

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Ease of operation

If multi-pivot rear triangle with virtual pivot points is used, then suspension performance is improved, but kick-back effect still occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesuspension performanceVSAvoidkick-back effect
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The control unit monitors chain force fluctuations generated by the multi-pivot suspension geometry and applies real-time motor force compensation. This feedback-based approach counteracts the specific oscillation patterns created by virtual pivot points, eliminating kick-back while preserving suspension performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The motor force acts as an intermediary that mediates between the pedal force and the suspension system. By introducing this active compensating force, the system decouples the kick-back effect from the suspension mechanics, allowing both to coexist without negative interaction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Significantly improves the handling and range of electric bicycles by reducing energy loss and allowing for more design flexibility in rear triangle constructions, while saving weight and costs.

Implementation Method 1

Generation of a chain force of reduced periodic fluctuations by means of an anti-phase control of the motor force to the pedal force by the evaluation unit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnti-phase control:

Implementation Method 2

The chain tension has an influence on the damper of the rear triangle. Due to the oscillation of the chain tension, the damper is continuously compressed and released again.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDamping: Damping

Data Source

PatentEP3342697B1Electric bicycle and method for reducing the kick-back effect in electric bicycles
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
  • EP3342697B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the kick-back effect of a damper (3) on the sprung rear frame (2) of an electric bicycle (1), wherein the electric bicycle (1) has an electric drive device (4) for generating a motor force, pedals (5) for generating a pedal force, a bicycle chain (6) for power transmission and an evaluation unit, comprising the following step: - generation of reduced periodic fluctuations in chain force by means of an antiphase control of the motor force to the pedal force by the evaluation unit.