Ebola Detection Cartridge Using Nested Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for diagnosing Ebola are time-consuming, expensive, and require laboratory equipment not readily available in rural areas, making early detection and isolation challenging, especially during outbreaks.
Innovation Solution
Development of assays, devices, kits, and systems for rapid detection of Ebola virus and blood markers using small volume samples, including fingerstick blood, which can be performed at point-of-service locations using automatic sample processing units, enabling rapid results within three hours or less and reducing the risk of disease spread.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional laboratory methods are used for Ebola diagnosis, then detection accuracy is improved, but testing time increases and equipment availability decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and integrates only the essential diagnostic functions into a portable device, removing dependence on complex laboratory infrastructure. The cartridge-based system contains all necessary reagents and processing components, enabling accurate Ebola detection to be taken out of the laboratory setting and performed at point-of-care locations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a nested structure where a disposable cartridge containing reagents and sample processing components is inserted into a reusable handheld device. This nested design allows the complex analytical functions to be contained within the cartridge while the outer device provides user interface and basic processing, achieving both portability and diagnostic accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If conventional laboratory methods are used for Ebola diagnosis, then detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The diagnostic system is segmented into modular components: a reusable handheld device and a disposable cartridge. The cartridge contains all complex reagents, sample processing materials, and reaction components, while the handheld device provides simple operation and result display. This segmentation transfers complexity from the operational device to the disposable cartridge, simplifying the user interface and device requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes disposable cartridges that contain all necessary reagents and processing components for a single use. This disposable approach eliminates the need for complex cleaning, sterilization, and maintenance systems in the reusable device, significantly reducing overall system complexity while maintaining detection accuracy through factory-prepared, quality-controlled cartridges.
3Productivity
If rapid testing is implemented, then response time is improved, but sample volume requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The cartridge is designed with localized functional zones that optimize sample processing efficiency. Different sections of the cartridge contain specific reagents and processing components positioned to minimize sample volume requirements while maintaining rapid processing. The sample flow path is locally optimized to ensure sufficient analyte contact with detection reagents using minimal sample input.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, devices, systems, and kits for use in detecting and measuring infectious diseases are provided. In particular embodiments, methods, devices, systems, and kits for detecting and measuring Ebola virus, including Ebola Zaire strain virus, are provided. Devices and systems may be used within regions suffering from Ebola or other infections, providing local, rapid, and effective diagnosis of infectious diseases such as Ebola, improving treatment and reducing or preventing spread of such infectious diseases.