E-Call Battery Switching for Low-Temperature Voltage Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing E-call batteries face performance issues due to sudden voltage drops in low-temperature environments, as they lack auxiliary devices to prevent such drops, leading to unreliable operation in harsh conditions.
Innovation Solution
A battery system with a parallel connection switch that adjusts the connection mode of battery banks between 1S2P and 1S1P based on temperature, using a controller to manage the switch and discharge control switches to maintain optimal voltage and prevent voltage drops, with a predetermined reference temperature of 0 degrees Celsius.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a separate auxiliary device is added to prevent voltage drop in low-temperature environments, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the auxiliary prevention function directly into the existing battery management system by utilizing the controller and existing switch structures. The controller integrates temperature monitoring and switch control functions, while the first and second switches are incorporated into the existing battery bank architecture, eliminating the need for separate auxiliary devices and reducing overall system complexity while maintaining reliability.
2Reliability
If battery cells are connected in series to increase voltage, then voltage drop is suppressed, but output voltage becomes higher than necessary and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic connection configuration where the battery banks can be switched between series and parallel connections based on temperature conditions. The controller monitors temperature and dynamically reconfigures the connection mode: series connection during low temperature to prevent voltage drop, and parallel connection during normal temperature to maintain appropriate voltage levels. This dynamic adaptability prevents both voltage drops and excessive voltage while managing system complexity through intelligent control.
3Productivity
If battery banks are connected in parallel to maintain voltage, then discharge performance is improved, but current distribution becomes more complex to manage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback control through the controller that continuously monitors temperature conditions and automatically adjusts the connection configuration. When low temperature is detected, the controller switches to series connection to prevent voltage drop. When normal temperature is detected, it switches to parallel connection to optimize discharge performance. This feedback mechanism simplifies current management by automating the decision-making process based on real-time temperature data, eliminating the need for complex manual current distribution management.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2(a)~2(b)
Figure 3
AI summary
An emergency call (E-call) system comprises two battery banks (100a, 100b) with a parallel connection switch (200) between them, and a temperature data acquisition controller (300). If the temperature is above a predetermined reference temperature, e.g. 0°C, the parallel connection switch is controlled to be off, and the system operates in a 1 series 1 parallel (1S1P) mode in which the voltage of one of the battery banks is output. If the temperature is below the predetermined reference temperature, the parallel connection switch is controlled to be on, and the system operates in a 1 series 2 parallel (1S2P) mode in which the two battery banks are connected in parallel to improve the discharge performance in a low-temperature environment.