ECC Circuit Using Estimation Syndromes for Chip Error Localization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing semiconductor memory devices, particularly DRAMs, face challenges in efficiently correcting and managing errors that occur in memory modules, especially when the number of parity data sets is insufficient to identify the specific memory chip generating errors.

Innovation Solution

An error correction circuit is implemented using a parity generation matrix and parity check matrix to generate syndromes, estimation syndromes, and comparison methods to accurately identify and correct errors in memory chips, even when parity data is limited.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If the number of parity data sets is reduced to lower cost and simplify the system, then the device complexity and cost decrease, but the ability to identify the specific memory chip generating errors deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of parity data setsVSAvoiderror identification accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the error identification process into two distinct stages: first generating a syndrome to detect the presence of errors, then generating an estimation syndrome to identify the specific memory chip location. This segmentation allows the system to use fewer parity data sets while maintaining accurate error identification capability by separating the detection function from the localization function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary estimation syndrome generation process that acts as a bridge between the limited parity data and the full error identification requirement. The estimation syndrome serves as an intermediate computational step that enables accurate chip identification without requiring a proportional increase in parity data sets, thus resolving the contradiction between reduced complexity and maintained precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If more parity data sets are added to improve error identification accuracy, then the measurement precision of error location improves, but the device complexity and resource requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveerror location accuracyVSAvoidnumber of parity data sets
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary error detection through syndrome generation before proceeding to error location identification. This preliminary action allows the system to filter out error-free data paths early, enabling subsequent estimation syndrome generation to focus only on potential error sources, thereby achieving accurate error location without requiring all parity data sets to be actively processed simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements partial action by using a reduced set of parity data sets for syndrome generation, then compensating through the estimation syndrome process that mathematically derives additional identification information. This approach achieves full error location accuracy through partial data processing combined with computational estimation, avoiding the need to implement excessive parity data sets.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Device complexity

If the error correction circuit uses fewer parity bits to reduce complexity, then the device complexity decreases, but the reliability of error correction deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparity bit quantityVSAvoiderror correction capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the estimation syndrome is generated based on the initial syndrome and then fed back into the correction process. This feedback loop allows the system to iteratively refine error identification accuracy, enabling reliable error correction with fewer parity bits by continuously improving the estimation based on previous computational results.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the computational parameters of the error correction process by introducing the estimation syndrome as an additional computational parameter. This parameter change transforms the error correction approach from direct parity-based correction to an estimation-based method, maintaining reliability with reduced parity bit requirements through mathematical transformation of the correction parameters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4180960B1Error correction circuit and error correction method
Publication Date: 2025.10.22 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP4180960B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4180960B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4180960B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An error correction circuit, including an error correction code (ECC) encoder configured to generate parity data corresponding to main data based on a parity generation matrix, and to output a codeword including the main data and the parity data to a plurality of memory devices; and an ECC decoder configured to: read the codeword from the plurality of memory devices, generate a syndrome corresponding to the codeword based on a parity check matrix, detect an error pattern based on the syndrome, generate a plurality of estimation syndromes corresponding to the error pattern using a plurality of partial submatrices included in the parity check matrix, and correct an error included in the read codeword based on a result of a comparison between the syndrome and the plurality of estimation syndromes.