Rotational Atherectomy Device with Eccentric Abrasive Element
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current rotational atherectomy devices lack effective distal embolic protection and struggle to ablate both soft and calcified stenotic lesions in tortuous iliac arteries, often requiring retrograde fluid flow to remove debris, which can cause discrepancies in the movement of the abrasive element.
Innovation Solution
A rotational atherectomy device with a flexible, rotatable drive shaft and eccentric abrasive element, paired with counterweights, that extends through multiple access points, allowing for simultaneous ablation of stenotic lesions and removal of debris without retrograde fluid flow, using pressurized fluid to entrain and drain particles, and an inflatable occlusion balloon to prevent backflow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If retrograde fluid flow is used to remove debris, then debris removal is achieved, but the device complexity increases and movement discrepancies occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the retrograde fluid flow system from the device, eliminating the need for complex fluid management mechanisms. Instead, it uses a simple pushrod to directly remove debris through mechanical action, significantly reducing device complexity while maintaining effective debris removal capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a pushrod as an intermediary mechanical element that transfers force from the drive shaft to the abrasive element, enabling direct debris removal without requiring retrograde fluid flow systems. This intermediary mechanism simplifies the overall device architecture
2Productivity
If abrasive element is positioned distal to drive shaft, then ablation effectiveness is improved, but movement control precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The pushrod serves as a mechanical intermediary that connects the drive shaft to the abrasive element, ensuring precise movement control while maintaining the optimal distal positioning of the abrasive element for effective ablation. The pushrod transmits motion accurately despite the distance between drive shaft and abrasive element
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a dynamic pushrod mechanism that can be advanced and retrieved independently, allowing the abrasive element to be positioned optimally for ablation while maintaining precise control over its movement through the pushrod's mechanical linkage
3Device complexity
If single access point is used, then device simplicity is maintained, but treatment versatility is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a universal device architecture where the same basic structure with single access point can treat various stenotic lesions in different locations (femoral, iliac, carotid arteries) by adjusting the pushrod length and abrasive element positioning, thereby achieving treatment versatility without increasing device complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively ablates both soft and calcified plaques in tortuous iliac arteries while removing debris without the need for retrograde fluid flow, ensuring precise movement of the abrasive element and improved safety by preventing backflow of particles into the femoral artery.
Implementation Method 1
rotating an abrasive element within the artery to partially or completely ablate the stenotic lesion
Implementation Method 2
pressurized fluid to entrain and drain particles
Data Source
AI summary
A rotational atherectomy device for removing a stenotic tissue from the iliac artery of a patient. The device comprises a flexible, rotatable drive shaft having an elongated proximal portion, an elongated distal portion. An abrasive element is mounted to the drive shaft between the elongated proximal and distal portions of the drive shad and between and spaced away from a pair of counterweights which are mounted to said elongated portions of the drive shaft. The eccentric abrasive element and the counterweights are configured for rapid rotation together with the drive shaft, the drive shaft is configured to extend throughout an entire length of the iliac artery to be treated. One elongated portion of the drive shaft extends out of the patient through a first access opening located in a femoral artery which is ipsilateral to the treated artery. Another elongated portion of the drive shaft extending through a second access opening located in another peripheral artery of the patient. A method of treating are iliac artery of a patient using such a rotational atherectomy device.