Eccentric Bearing Sample Prep Device
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional analytical sample preparation devices require separate devices for oscillation and centrifugation, leading to increased costs and inconvenient sample transfer, with stepper motors providing insufficient vibrations and low load capacity.
Innovation Solution
A device that integrates oscillation and centrifugation functions using a synchronous and eccentric bearing system with a motor, allowing for simultaneous 8-shaped oscillations and high-speed centrifugation in the same mechanical device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate devices are used for oscillation and centrifugation, then each device can be optimized for its specific function, but the device complexity increases and sample transfer becomes inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines oscillation and centrifugation functions into a single device by integrating a synchronous motor with unidirectional bearings. The motor generates both oscillating motion (through eccentricity in one direction) and rotating motion (through synchronous rotation in the other direction), eliminating the need for separate devices and simplifying the sample preparation workflow while maintaining functional optimization through specialized bearing mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The synchronous motor with unidirectional bearings serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides oscillating motion for mixing/extraction and rotating motion for centrifugation. This multi-functional design allows a single device to perform both sample preparation steps, improving convenience and reducing the number of components needed while maintaining the reliability of each specific function through dedicated bearing mechanisms.
2Device complexity
If stepper motors are used to achieve oscillation and centrifugation, then the device structure is simplified, but the load capacity and rotational speed are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the key parameter from stepper motor to synchronous motor, which provides significantly higher load capacity and rotational speed. The synchronous motor can achieve speeds of 1000-5000 rpm for centrifugation and generates sufficient oscillating forces, whereas stepper motors are limited to lower speeds and loads. This parameter change maintains structural simplicity while dramatically improving the power and performance capabilities of the device.
3Productivity
If a single device integrates both oscillation and centrifugation functions, then the sample preparation process is simplified and efficiency is improved, but the mechanical structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The unidirectional bearing mechanism automatically separates the two motion functions based on rotation direction. When the motor rotates in one direction, the eccentric unidirectional bearing enables oscillation for mixing; when rotated in the opposite direction, the synchronous unidirectional bearing enables centrifugation. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for complex switching devices or additional mechanical components, achieving functional integration while keeping the mechanical structure relatively simple.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This integration simplifies the sample preparation process, enhances efficiency, and meets the requirements for sample processing by providing high load capacity and rotational speed, reducing maintenance costs and improving reliability.
Implementation Method 1
The mixing can be achieved in many ways, such as ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, and mechanical oscillatory extraction, wherein the mechanical oscillation is the most widely used.
Implementation Method 2
The centrifugation method uses high-speed rotation and the centrifugal forces to achieve separation
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
AI summary
The invention discloses an analytical sample preparation device and an analytical sample preparation method, which comprises a base (1), an elastic connection body (5), a group of a synchronous unidirectional bearing inner ring (41) and a synchronous unidirectional bearing outer ring (42), a group of an eccentric unidirectional bearing inner ring (61) and an eccentric unidirectional bearing outer ring (62), and a synchronous fixed ring (2) and a motor (31) on the base (1). The eccentric unidirectional bearing inner ring (61) is connected with an eccentric shaft (32) extending from a motor (31). The eccentric unidirectional bearing outer ring (62) is fixed to an eccentric shaft sleeve (9). The eccentric shaft sleeve (9), the eccentric shaft (32), the eccentric unidirectional bearing inner ring (61), and the eccentric unidirectional bearing outer ring (62) have their center of mass disposed on a line extending from the center line of the motor (31). The eccentric unidirectional bearing inner ring (61) and the eccentric unidirectional bearing outer ring (62) can only rotate in direction A, while the synchronous unidirectional bearing outer ring (41) and the synchronous unidirectional bearing outer ring (42) can only rotate in a direction opposite to direction A.