ECG Apparatus Using Electrode Driver to Concentrate Interference Current
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electrocardiogram measurement systems face challenges in achieving accurate and compact designs that allow for simultaneous measurement of two limb leads without using a Driven Right Leg (DRL) electrode, which is typically required to remove power line interference, and often require multiple electrodes and cables, making them bulky and inconvenient for personal use.
Innovation Solution
A compact electrocardiogram measurement apparatus using three dry electrodes, two amplifiers, and an electrode driver to concentrate power line interference current through one electrode, allowing for simultaneous measurement of two limb leads without a DRL electrode, and wirelessly transmitting data to a smartphone.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional DRL electrode method is used to remove power line interference, then power line interference is reduced, but the device requires four electrodes and cables making it bulky and inconvenient for personal use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the DRL electrode from the conventional four-electrode system. By using only three electrodes (two for measurement and one for ground), the invention removes the need for the fourth DRL electrode while still achieving power line interference rejection through differential amplification of the two measurement electrodes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces differential amplifiers as intermediaries that process the signals from two electrodes simultaneously. This intermediary mechanism enables the system to reject power line interference without requiring a fourth DRL electrode, as the differential amplification inherently cancels common-mode noise including power line interference.
2Measurement precision
If multiple electrodes and cables are used for accurate ECG measurement, then measurement accuracy is improved, but the device size increases and portability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the cables and fourth electrode from the conventional system, reducing device volume while maintaining measurement accuracy through the use of three electrodes with differential amplification that simultaneously processes two limb leads.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the functions of multiple electrodes into a three-electrode configuration where two electrodes perform dual measurement functions for simultaneous limb lead acquisition, and the third electrode serves as ground, merging multiple roles into a compact arrangement.
3Device complexity
If sequential measurement of leads is performed, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement time increases and simultaneous measurement capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous simultaneous measurement of two limb leads through differential amplifiers that process both electrode signals at the same time. This continuous parallel operation eliminates the sequential measurement process, reducing measurement time while maintaining system simplicity through straightforward differential amplification circuitry.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and convenient measurement of two limb leads simultaneously, reducing power line interference and eliminating the need for cables, resulting in a compact, portable device that can easily be carried and used for personal electrocardiogram monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
concentrate power line interference current through one electrode
Implementation Method 2
two amplifiers configured to receive the first and second electrocardiogram voltages from the first and second electrodes, respectively
Data Source
AI summary
An electrocardiogram measuring device includes: a first electrode and a second electrode to receive a first and second electrocardiogram voltages of a first and second body parts in contact therewith, respectively; two amplifiers to receive the first and second electrocardiogram voltages from the first and second electrodes; a third electrode to transfer a third electrocardiogram voltage of the third body part; an electrode driver to receive the third electrocardiogram voltage and output a driving voltage; a fourth electrode placed adjacent to one of the three electrodes and configured to receive and transmit the output of the electrode driver to one of the three body parts in contact therewith; wherein each of the two amplifiers simultaneously receives and amplifies one electrocardiogram voltage.