ECG Subwaveform Detection via Frequency Domain Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ECG technologies rely on qualitative analysis of morphological waveforms, lacking quantitative data and accurate measurement of key parameters like P-R interval, Q-T interval, and ST segment, leading to low detection rates of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular diseases due to deformation and instability of standard measuring points.
Innovation Solution
An automated electrocardiography (ECG) analysis system using signal processing to detect subwaveforms within the P, Q, R, S, T, and J waveforms, and multi-domain ECG to separate heart signals into different frequency bands, providing more detailed information about heart anatomy and function.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional ECG qualitative analysis of morphological waveforms is used, then the method is simple and widely applicable, but the detection rate of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular diseases is low due to lack of quantitative data and instability of measuring points
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the ECG waveform into multiple frequency bands using multi-domain ECG analysis. By dividing the continuous ECG signal into distinct frequency components, the system can independently analyze and measure parameters in each band, thereby achieving stable quantitative measurements even when overall waveform morphology is unstable or deformed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the ECG analysis from qualitative morphological assessment to quantitative frequency-domain parameter measurement. By changing the analysis domain from time-domain waveform shapes to frequency-domain spectral parameters, the system achieves precise and reproducible measurements that are not affected by waveform deformation.
2Ease of operation
If standard measuring points are used for ECG analysis, then the method is conventional and easy to implement, but the measuring points deform and become unstable leading to inaccurate diagnosis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/manual identification of standard ECG measuring points with an automated signal processing system. The computer-implemented method automatically detects and measures parameters in the frequency domain, eliminating the need for manual waveform interpretation and the associated problems of point deformation and instability.
3Measurement precision
If multi-domain ECG signal processing is used to separate heart signals into different frequency bands, then quantitative data and measurement accuracy are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a computer-implemented signal processing system as an intermediary between the ECG signal acquisition and clinical diagnosis. This intermediary automatically performs the complex multi-domain analysis and parameter extraction, making the sophisticated measurement capabilities accessible without requiring complex manual operations or specialized expertise from the operator.
Data Source
AI summary
An ECG system measures and annotates the P-point of an ECG waveform from harmonic waveforms. Electrical impulses are received from a beating heart. The electrical impulses are converted to an ECG waveform. The ECG waveform is converted to a frequency domain waveform, which, in turn, is separated into two or more different frequency domain waveforms, which, in turn, are converted into a plurality of time domain cardiac electrophysiological subwaveforms and discontinuity points between these subwaveforms. The plurality of subwaveforms and discontinuity points are compared to a database of subwaveforms and discontinuity points for normal and abnormal patients. A discontinuity point is identified as the P-point of the ECG waveform from the comparison. Similar measurements are made for the P′-point, I-point, J-point, and T′-point. Distances from these points to the equipotential line are calculated and used to detect blockages leading to myocardial infarction.